THE ELM SPHINX. 243 
ered with brown granulations on the forward side. The thoracic horns are tipped 
with yellowish. 
The fourth and last molt is made in from six to eight days, and in six days more 
they reach maturity, leave their food plant, descend to the ground which they 
enter for the purpose of spending the winter and reaching their final transformation. 
The mature larva is from two and three-fourths to three and one-fourth inches long, 
pale green or reddish brown, head and body strongly granulated, a dorsal row of 
fleshy teeth, one on each wrinkle, tipped with whitish or pink, extends from the fourth 
segment to the caudal horn. There is a pair of short, straight, tuberculated horns 
on the top of the third segment and a similar pair on the fourth. A line of granula- 
tions connects the thoracic horns. Seven oblique stripes of whitish granulations 
occur ou each s 5 de, each of which crosses one segment and a part of the one before 
and the one following. The last stripe extends to the caudal horn. (Fernald.) 
Pupa. — Thick, not elongated before ; tail ending with a conical projection, tipped 
with two little divarcating spines; tongue-case buried and soldered to the breast. 
(Harris' Corr.) 
Moth. — The fore wings are broader than in most sphinges, with a large distinct 
round discal spot. The wings are light brown, variegated with dark brown and 
white, while along the hind body extend five longitudinal dark-brown lines. It ex- 
pands 5 inches. 
29. Smerinthus exccecatus Abbot and Smith. 
(Larva, Pi. xi, fig 3, 3 a.) 
The caterpillar of this moth, which usually feeds on the apple and 
plum, has been found on the elm by Mr. W. H. Edwards. Mr. Beuten- 
miiller records it as feeding on American elm, the slippery or red elm, 
the whahoo or winged elm, and Ulmus suberosa. (Ent. Ainer., i, 196.) 
Larva. — Head apple-green, granulated, flattened, triangular, the apex rising 
somewhat above the first segment, with bright yellow, straight, lateral lines, in 
which are rounded granulations, increasing in size as they approach the apex. Body 
with thoracic segments tapering, light-green, studded with pointed white granula- 
tions. Lateral bands yellow, each occupying three-eighths, the whole, and six- 
eighths of three segments, respectively — on the central segment straight, on the fol- 
lowing one curved posteriorly, not angulated at the incisure — having within them a 
granulation on each annulation (eight to the segment) larger than those elsewhere 
on the body. Subdorsal thoracic line yellow, granulated as in the bands, com- 
mencing on the anterior of the first segment, diverging from the dorsum as it pro- 
ceeds and uniting at the sixth annulation of the fourth segment with the first lateral 
band. Caudal horn nearly straight, .25 inch long, acutely granulated, rose-colored, 
yellow laterally, and often yellow-tipped. Legs at tips reddish-brown. Stigmata 
brown bordered. 
Pupa. — One-twentieth of an inch long; .40 inch broad. Dark brown. Head-case, 
darker brown, rounded, corrugated, with an impressed transverse line bordering it 
posteriorly, and a medial line impressed inferiorly and carinated superiorly. Tongue- 
case buried, short, not separating the leg and wing cases. Antennal cases in male 
terminating very near to tips of the middle leg-cases — in female, opposite tips of the 
anterior leg-cases. First stigma quite open. The three anterior segments shagreened 
with a moderately elevated medial line. Third segment without plates, but with 
a medial carination. The other segments, each with a subdorsal linear impression 
and also lateral ones, and with confluent punctulations, except posteriorly, where 
they are smooth, not shining, and under a lens delicately shagreene<l. Terminal 
segment subrectangular, with a short triangular rugose spine, more prominent in the 
male. One male, two females. (Fernald.) 
