INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE BLACK WALNUT. 331 
during August as follows: August 18, 1874, three specimens at Cheyney, Pa.; July 29, 
1877,one specimen at Plymouth, Ind.; August 27, one specimeu at Moorestown, N. J., 
and on August 28, lo82, one specimen at Fairmount Park, Philadelphia. Of larvae, 
the above mentioned July 24, and from September 19 until my last capture (October 
10) from five to ten specimens a day, all spinning from two to three days after cap- 
ture. Now, from my finding the moth in May and August and the larva in July, Sep- 
tember, and October, proves to my mind that in this city and county and elsewhere 
Luna has two broods instead of one. 
8. atheroma regalis (Fabr.). 
As early as July 20, 1832, Dr. Harris found on the black walnut a 
freshly hatched larva of this regal moth, and a few years later, on the 
4th or 5th of August, he discovered two large flattened eggs from 
which similar larvae were at that time hatched. 
Larva before the first molt. — Each of the segments has six branching spines, except 
the eleventh, which has seven, and the twelfth, which has eleven. Body, first seg- 
ment with four tubercles of a pyramidal shape, the two dorsal ones armed with a 
barbed spine, terminated by a ball with two lateral obtuse points, the two lateral 
tubercles with simple barbed spines not half the length of the dorsal spines ; second 
and third segments each with four barbed ball-terminated spines; lateral simple ones 
wanting ; remaining segments, except the last, with four barbed or branched spines ; 
the penultimate segment has, besides, in front of the four, a long dorsal one barbed, 
and ending in a lunated knob ; last segment with nine in two series, five before and 
four behind, all branched ; the dorsal one of the anterior series bifurcated at tip, or 
nearly lunated. Color of body black above and beneath ; an obsolete series of ferru- 
ginous lateral lines directed obliquely downward towards the tail, most conspicuous 
on the posterior half of the body; sixth and seventh segments ferruginous above; 
spines pale ferruginous, black at tip. July 21, a. m., it cast off its skin. July 25, 
cast its skin again. 
Pupa. — Male: Smooth, oblong, robust, thick and rounded before, nearly obtuse 
behind, and terminating in a very small bifid tubercle. A few elevated points at the 
base of the antennae cases, and over the shoulder covers; likewise one on each half of 
the prothorax ; metathorax with two large transverse elevations. A deep furrow be- 
tween the penultimate (eleventh) and antepenultimate segments, and an elevated 
ridge beset with minute teeth on the anterior part of the eleventh dorsal segment. 
Near the anterior edges of the other abdominal segments there is a row of very minute 
and nearly obsolete teeth pointing backwards. Color, dark chestnut brown. Length, 
2 inches. Breadth, nearly f inch. (Harris' Corr., 297.) 
The Moth. — Ono of our largest Bombyces, the fore wings expanding from 13 to 14 
centimeters (about 6 inches.) Ground color, a leaden reddish brown, marked with 
bright brick- red and ocherous yellow. Fore wings with a basal yellow spot, adiscal 
blotch, and an outer submarginal row of oval spots, there being two large ones near 
the costa, and one usually about half as large in the first median interspace. The 
veins shaded with brick-red. Hind wings yellowish along the costa, elsewhere red- 
dish, with leaden oval spots in the interspaces. Thorax with two broad yellow lon- 
gitudinal stripes, and between them a linear median stripe. On the first abdominal 
segment a transverse oblong yellow spot. The sutures of the abdominal segments 
ocher-yellow. 
9. Catocala elonympha (Hiibner). 
The caterpillar of this moth is said by some to feed on the walnut, by 
others on a species of Glycine. The larva as described by Guenee from 
Abbot's drawing is gray white, with a roseate tint; without fringes; 
