INSECTS INJURING LOCUST LEAVES. 361 
AFFECTING THE LEAVES. 
4. The locust leaf-roller. 
Pempelia (Salebria) contatella Grote. 
Order Lepidoptera ; family Pyralid^e. 
We have observed these worms in Maine at work on the locust during 
the middle and last of August. They began to pupate August 28, and 
the moths appeared June 1 of the following year. They generally draw 
two leaves together, and in this way their preseuce is indicated. 
On the 29th of August Prof. Comstock found them on the locust 
(Robin ia pseudacacia), in the department grounds, drawiug the leaves 
together, the side of one to that of another. 
The smallest larvae observed by Comstock, August 28, at Washington, 
at this time, were about one-eighth of an inch long, yellowish-green, 
with jet-black head and thoracic plate. The larvae transformed to pupae 
between the 5th and 8th of September and emerged in the following May. 
As none of the pupae of this insect could be found among the leaves 
on the tree a careful search was made on the ground beneath, where a 
pupa was found spun up in a tough silken cocoon to which earth, frag- 
ments of leaves, and dry grass were adhering in such a manner as to 
completely conceal it. 
Mr. A. K. Grote, who originally described this species, also described 
a variety of it under the name of quinquepunctella, and stated that it 
might be a distinct species from contatella. Most of the examples men- 
tioned above agree with the typical contatella, while oue of them is 
undoubtedly the var. quinquepunctella. 
This species has also been reported from New England, New York, 
and London, Ontario. 
Remedy. — Gather all the leaves beneath the trees after September 
and burn them. 
Larva. — Body large, broad, gradually tapering towards the end of the body. 
Head black, smooth, not so wide as the prothoracic shield, which is large and jet 
black. (In the young the head aud shield are reddish black.) Body pale pea-green ; 
sutures yellowish. Body obscurely mottled with yellowish green. The piliferous 
warts are minute and obscure, the four dorsal ones arranged in a square. Body 
obscurely lineated with yellowish-green lines, of which there are about five on each 
side of the dark-green median line. The hairs reddish or horn-colored. Length, 
20 mm . 
Pupa.— Length, 10 mm , rather stout. Color, chestnut brown. Anterior end rounded ; 
posterior with a minute beak, curving downward slightly, and armed at the end on 
each side with a sharp, stout spine extending obliquely out and downwards. In a 
row between these, at equal distances, are four slim filaments much longer thau the 
spines and hooked at the end. The abdominal segments are covered above and below 
with coarse punctures, except on the posterior edge, while the wing-covers, head, 
and thorax above are impressed with irregular striae. (Comstock, 1880.) 
The moth. — The fore wings expand 20 ram to 26 mm (nearly 1 inch), and are blackish 
and gray, with a shading of red at the base and uear the middle of the wing below 
the fold. These reddish shades are sometimes wanting. Base of the wing usually 
whitish gray. 
