442 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
The Cossus alter being pinned is rery restive, especially while depositing her ova 
and by i he constant motion of the ovipositor in endeavoring to extrude the ova. The 
koOM altdoinmal scales are removed and attached to the eggs by the moist viscid 
fluid with which they are covered, and which often give* them the appearance of 
being clothed with .scales. A few of the ova collected this season have this appear- 
ance, hut a strong lens exposes the true condition. C. centerennis is not so prolific as 
some of the other species of Co*8uUb. C. robiniw Peck and C. querviperda Fitch have 
been known to extrude upwards of three hundred ova. In European species over 
one thousand ova have been found on dissection. The ruia of whole forests of tim- 
ber in which these insects revel is doubtless prevented by the destruction of the eggs 
by ants and birds, the size of the eggs being sufficient to form a tempting morsel. 
Iu a state of nature the female Cossus deposits a small number of her ova upon each 
tree which she visits until her supply is exhausted. 
This season the enlarged perforations through the bark show unmistakable evi- 
dence that the trees had been recently visited by woodpeckers, which could find 
little difficulty in procuring an abundance of full-grown larva-. 
C. centtrensis is found throughout the region known as the pine barrens, which 
cover an area of perhaps 12 square miles between Albany and Schenectady. The 
soil of this region seems especially well adapted to the growth of the timber which 
it supports. 
At the present time no correct observations have been made in reference to the 
molts of the caterpillars, but information on this subject will soon be obtained from 
Mr. A. H. Mundt, of Illinois, who has had opportunities of observing, up to the 
fourth molt, the caterpillars of C. robinice, which are found iu the willows and pop- 
lars in his vicinity. 
Cos8ii8 centerensis appears every year, and from observations and from numerous 
examinations of the trees by actual sections during the three months of the year 
enumerated, I am convinced that the caterpillars are not fully matured until the 
end of the third year, when they arrive at their perfect or winged state. The pupa 
state is comparatively short, lasting less than a mouth before the moth appears. 
From figures 3, 4, and 5 of Plate I we see representations of caterpillars found Octo- 
ber 14, which establish the fact beyoud dispute, through observations extending 
over many years, that it requires three full years for the caterpillar to arrive at ma- 
turity. 
8. Cossus angrezi Bailey. 
(Plate II, Fig. 6.) 
As this species will probably be found boring in the poplar, we re- 
produce Dr. Bailey's account of it. 
We repeat the original description of this species, given in Papilio for June, 1882 
(Vol. II, No. 6, p. 93) : 
" Cossus angrezi n. s. female. Head somewhat narrow on the vertex. Collar and 
head yellowish gray, thorax black ; the edges of the teguhv shaded with yellowish 
gray. Fore-wings with a nearly white ground, shaded with black, and with black 
reticulations. Hind wings yellowish gray, mottled with blackish outwardly. The 
fore-wings have the costal edge pale, marked with black; the black shading obtains 
on costa at apical third, and over the whole wing at terminal third, extending 
obliquely downwards and inwards; there are a series of iuterspacial longitudinal 
black streaks before the margin, more or less defined. Fringes whitish, dotted with 
black opposite the ends of the veins, v. hich latter conversely are whitish. Thorax 
shaded with yellowish gray behind. Abdomen dark gray. Beneath the wings re- 
peat the markings very distinctly, owing to the strong contrast of the pale ground 
color with the black markings. Expanse, 82 mm . 1 female. Wells, Elko County, 
Nev. From the late Mrs. Caroliue Chase. Type, coll. James S. Bailey." 
1 
