448 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
Larva.— Four dorsal eream-white or pale brownish tufts. Anterior black tufts pro- 
jecting forwards from the protboraefa m^, Head round and imooth, nearly Ulack, 
pale reddish oo the rides. Body often black, a row of lateral bright red warts giving 
yellow hairs. Only two dorsal coral-red waits, the one next to the la>t cream- 
colored; short tuft wanting, bat there is on each side I what Orggialeucottigwui wa 
row of three sobdorsal reddish warts. The black, broad dorsal .stripe so distinct in 
0. U uco*iiijma is broken up by these warts and by brown patches. The terminal tuft 
isafl in O. leueostigma hut blacker. The main distinction is in the large black lateral 
pencil on the second abdominal segment with a slighter and shorter pencil in front and 
(sometimes) behind, yellow, with a few black hairs. The other hairs are quite dense 
ami hutf-yellow. A broken black stigtnatal line. Under side of body pale greenish 
yellow. Length 2~i mm . 
14. The a.ntiopa BUTTERFLY. 
fdiif88a antiopa (Linn.) 
Although I have more usually observed the gregarious caterpillar of 
this common butterfly feeding on the willow in clusters in mid-summer, 
it also occurs ou the poplar, balm of Gilead, birch, and linden. The 
butterfly hybernates. appearing in New England (including Maine) 
sometimes as early as March. It is seen until June, then disappears, 
to be succeeded by a new brood about the middle of August, the insect 
having been in the chrysalis state eleven or twelve days. The second 
brood of caterpillars appear in August and transforms before cold 
weather into butterflies. The caterpillars are sometimes very destruc- 
tive. Says Harris : 
I have sometimes seen them in such profusion on the willow and elm that the limbs 
bent under their weight, and the long leafless branches, which they had stripped 
and deserted, gave sufficient proof of the voracity of these caterpillars. 
Mrs. Anna K. Dimmock gives a summary of its history (Psyche, iv, 
p. 282) as follows: 
Vanessa antiopa Linn. (Syst. Nat.. 1753 ed., 10, p. 476). Besides numerous refer- 
ences in European literature, iu which Salix, Populus, Betula, and Tilia are noticed 
as food-plants, the following citations of American authors may be mentioned. Har- 
ris (Rept. Ins. Injur. Veg.. 1841, p. 219, and Entom. Corresp., 1869, p. 280 | describee 
the larva of this species, adding Ulmus as food-plant; later (Treatise on Ins. Iujnr. 
Veg., 1862, p. 296-293) he figures and describes larva, pupa, and imago. Packard 
(Guide Study Ins., 1869, p. 258) and Saunders (Can. Entom., April 1869. v. 1, p. 75) 
describe the larva. (See also Scudder's Butterflies of the Eastern United States.) 
Larva. — Head black, rough, and tubercnlated : six or seven large, long black 
branched spines on each segment behind the prothoracic ; body black, minutely 
speckled with white ; with a row of eight dark brick-red dorsal spots. Length. If 
inches (40 mm ). 
* Pupa. — Dark brown, with large tawny spots around the two rims of sharp tuber- 
cles on the back. Length 25-90 mm . 
Butterfly. — Borders of the wings much notched : puqilish brown above, with a 
broad buff-yellow border, in which is a row of pale blue spots. Expanse of wings, 
3-3| inches (75 mm ). 
15. Liintniti* arthemis (Drury). (Basilarchia arthemis Scudder). 
This butterfly is a northern species, occurring in the Adirondacks and 
White Mountains, where early in July it is sometimes very abundant, 
gathering by the hundreds in the bright sun around puddles in the 
