510 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
mentioned, however, that Qonioctena pallida has not yet been found on 
the birch in this country, though living at the expense of that tree in 
Europe; and the fungus-eating species* as well as the Elateridst and 
the species of Ips, t which may feed on the sap of any deciduous trees, 
are referred to below as not being, properly speaking, birch insects: 
• iioliuaUvrus bifurvas Fabr. ^ Knt om. Syst., Suppl., 1794, p. 40). The larv;e, pops, 
and iinagos of this speeies are round in 1'olyporus betulinus, which grows on dead 
birch tiers. Larva, pupa, and a male imago are figured by Packard (Guide Study 
Ins., 16C9, p. 474). Kirby, as quoted by Bethune (Can. Entoin., Nov., 1873, v. 5, p. 
211), says that this species is found in a boletus of the birch. Some habits of this 
beetle are mentioned by Harrington (Can. Entoin., Dec, 186*2, v. 12, p. 260-261). C'an- 
deze (M6m. Soc. Sci. Li6ge, 1861, v. 16, p. 365-368, pi. 3, fig. 9) gives a detailed de- 
scription of the larva, with figure ; and Hay ward (Bull. Bost. Zool. Soc, July, 1882, v. 
1, ]>. 35-36) briefly describes the larva and pupa. 
Hoplocephala bicomis Fabr. (Gen. Ins. Mant., 1777, p. 215). This insect feeds upon 
different kinds of fungi, some of thein parasitic on decaying wood of Jietula. Kirby's 
description of the imago is quoted by Bethune (Can. Entom., Nov., 1873, v. 5, p. 210, 
211). Harrington (I. c, Dec 1880, v. 12, p. 261) mentions its fuugivorous habits. 
Diaperis hydni Fabr. (Syst. Eleuth., 1801, v. 2, p. 585). This species, both as larva 
and imago, feeds upon Polyporus betulinus, a fuugus that grows on dead trees of Betula 
alba, and the beetles, according to G. Dimmock, are often very abundant about the 
first of July. Harriugton (Can. Entom., Dec, 1880, v. 12, p. 261) briefly describes the 
imago. 
Phellopsis jbcordata Kirby (Fauna Bor. Amer., 1837, pt. 4, p. 236). The larva of this 
species has been found by G. Dimmock, on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 
Polyporu8 betulinus, the large white fungus common on dead trees of Betula alba. 
The imago frequents the same fungus during June, July, and August. 
Thymalus fulgidus Erichson (Germar Zeits., 1844, bd. 5, p. 458). G. Dimmock (Di- 
rect. Collect. Coleopt., 1872, p. 19, 20) writes: "The larvse feed upon a fungus (Poly- 
porus betulinus) which is parasitic upon the trunks of white birch trees." This beetle 
is common in New England, and its larva agrees very closely with the description 
and figure of the larva of T. Umbatu* from Europe, as given by Chapuis and Candeze 
(Mem. Soc. Sci. Li6ge, 1855, v. 8, p. 417-419, pi. 2, fig. 6). A large number of larvie, 
taken in Belmont, Mass., produced beetles after a short period of pupation, on or 
about June 27, 1878. 
t Melanotic? parumpunctatusM.a]ah. (Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Nov., 1844, v. 2, p. 
151, 152). A Melanotti8, probably this species, was taken in the same cavity with its 
pupal skin, in decaying wood of Betula alba, at Milton, Mass., Oct. 17, 1884. 
Melanotic? communis Gyllenhal (Schonh., Syn. Ius., v. 1, pt. 3: App. 1817, p. 138, 
139). A Melanotus, probably this species, was taken in decaying wood of Betula alba, 
at Milton, Mass., Oct. 17, 1884. 
Elater protervus Le Conte (Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1853, s. 2, v. 10. p. 471). Two 
specimens of this beetle were taken Oct. 17, 1884, at Milton, Mass., in decaying wood 
of Betula alba, under circumstances that left no doubt that they bred in the wood. 
Elater « »>ico Ws Herbst (Natur. Syst * * * # ins. ; Kafer, 1806, v. 10, p. 73, pi. 
164, fig. 7). Coquillett (Can. Entom., June, 1883, v. 15, p. 101) briefly describes the 
larva which he obtained from decayed wood of Quercus. Reared from decayed wood of 
Betula alba, the beetle emerging May 3, 1883, from wood collected the preceding 
April, in Cambridge, Mass. 
X Ips sanguinolentus Oliv. (Entom., 1780, v. 2, no. 12, p. 8; pi. 2, fig. 14). G. Dim- 
mock (Can. Entom., April 1871, v. 3, p. 15) notes that he found this species "about 
fresh-cut maple and birch stumps where the sap was flowing." 
Ips fa8ciatus Oliv. (Entom., 1780, v. 2, no. 12, p. 7-8 ; pi. 2, fig. 13). G. Dimmock. 
(Can. entom., April 1871, v. 3, p. 15) mentions that this species is found about fresh- 
cut stumps of Betula where the sap is flowing. 
