f)44 FIFTH REPORT OF Till. KNTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
ward from this channel, the larval channels constantly enlarging dur- 
ing the larval life, and sinking a little deeper in the wood as the pupa 
state is reached. These larval channels are from 5 to 45" im in length, 
and from one-third to 1""" in width. The central channel is usually 
slightly sinuous, being governed to some extent by the surface of the 
wood and the number of beetles at work, they never coming in contact. 
At about midway of the central channel there is in every instance a 
change of direction— a curve sometimes hardly perceptible, at other 
times and usually very marked. The lateral larval channels extend 
outward at right angles from the central channel, and are about one- 
third the length of the former, that varying from one to three inches 
in length. 
" Id November, 1885, live specimens of this insect were taken from 
ash trees in the western part of Davis County. The bark of these 
trees had apparently been abraded about a month previous, and had 
been at once attacked by Hylesinus aculeatus. Large numbers of these 
had eaten their way from one-fourth to one inch under the bark from the 
point of entrance and had gone into similar quarters." (Ent. Amer., ii, 
1886, p. 7G.) Mr. W. L. Devereaux, of Clyde, X. Y., writes me regard- 
ing this beetle as follows : 
Hylesinus aculeatus does not operate on living trees in its larval state, but the 
beetles do, and of course the more ash trees cut tor rails, etc., the more rapidly will 
the beetles increase. 
Beetle. — In Hylesinus the tibiae are serrate ; the antennal club elongate-ovai, 
pointed, not comprised ; in H. aculeatus the club of the antennae is elongate-fusiform, 
the bauds of the elytra oblique, while the sides of the prothorax are smooth (not 
muricate, as in the closely allied H. imptrialis of Dakota and Arizona). Length, 2.2 
to 3.4 mm (.09 to .13 inch). It ranges from Massachusetts to Texas, Kansas, and 
Oregon. (Le Conte.) 
9. Hylesinus opaculus Le Conte. 
This timber borer has been found by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, living 
under the dry bark of elm and ash trees. See fig. 72, p. 227. 
Beetle.— Body elongate, clothed with short, erect yellow hair without scales. Length, 
2 to 2.5 mm (.08 to .10 inch). (Le Conte). According to Riley it differs from the clover 
beetle (H. trifolii) in the shape of the antennae, the visible labrum, and other points 
shown in Fig. 72. 
AFFECTING THE LEAVES. 
10. The ash saw-fly. 
Selandria barda (Say.) 
The larvae of this saw-fly are said by Mr. H. Osborn to at times injure 
the ash in Iowa. The adults have not been reared, but he feels sure 
that the larvae were of the above species. The eggs are deposited in 
rows along the sides of the petioles just beneath the outer bark, and 
so neatly that it is almost impossible to detect any break in the epi- 
dermis. Usually there are from six to ten on a leaf. They evidently 
increase much in size before hatching, pushing the bark up in a blister- 
