INSECTS OF THE HOP HORNBEAM. 647 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE HOP-HORNBEAM OR IRON- WOOD. 
Ostrya virginica. 
This tree doubtless affords food and shelter to a much greater assem- 
blage of insects than that whose names are here recorded, for little 
attention has as yet been given to finding them. 
1. Apatelodes torrefacta (Abb. and Sm.). 
According to Abbot and Smith the interesting caterpillar of this fine 
moth in Georgia " feeds on the iron-wood [or hop-hornbeam], gall- 
berry, sassafras, etc. It went into the ground June 20; came out the 
14th of July. Another went in the 17th of October and came out on 
the 25th of April." 
Dr. Harris describes the larva, and his description, which we copy, 
agrees almost exactly with Abbot's figure. Harris refers to the moth 
under the name "Astasia torrefacta f Sin. -Abb.," but apparently there 
is little doubt that his larva was of the same species as the one figured 
by Abbot. He found it on the burdock July 23, 1828, and says it " eats 
leaves of willow well." Another larva was found on a leaf of Primus 
virginiana. 
Larva. — Body cylindrical, above pale yellow, beneath greenish black. Segments 
very distinct, almost annulose, sides and incisures greenish-yellow, head of same 
color, tips of mandibles black; no tubercles, but the body is covered with lanugi- 
nous hairs, flexuous backwards, of a pale sulphur color; second segment above, with 
a long plume of ferruginous hairs, directed a little forwards ; the same segment has 
a conspicuous, transverse, oval spot each side; third segment with a black spot on 
each side ; fourth to ninth, inclusive, with an interrupted black line or on each a 
linear, dorsal, black spot, furnishing a short fascicle of a few erect black hairs ; legs 
blackish; pro-legs thick at base, pyriform or tapering at tip, and furnished with a 
semicircular, unguiferous, red plate. The hairs are all simple or unbearded. 
July 24, A. M. — Cast its skin. The wool which now covers it is of a beautiful white 
color, the hairs being all directed backwards except those of the first segment, which 
curve forwards; second and third segments each side, with a dorsal plume of erect 
hairs, noddiug backwards, blackish at tip ; penultimate segment with a tuft separat- 
ing into two depressed plumes ; dorsal segments each with a short tuft of erect black 
hairs; sides with an arrow-shaped, blackish spot, not furnishing hairs. 
August 3. — Divested itself of its long hairs, and appeared only thinly covered with 
short ones ; length, nearly 1 £ inches. 
August 6.— Became a pupa without a cocoon. It would probably have entered the 
earth if permitted. 
August 4, 1838. — Fouud on a leaf of Primus virginiana, a caterpillar with the body 
pale yellow, covered with flexuous yellow hairs, and an orange colored pencil, tipped 
with black, on the anterior part of the eleventh segment. 
August 7. — Changed its skin ; the hairs became white, a pencil on the second, third, 
aud eleventh segments black, and very short black tufts on each of the intervening 
segments. Body beneath ash-colored ; prolegs with deep orange-colored cushions. 
