PINE CATERPILLARS. 785 
anterior nearer together; all dark. The segments (5-6) are wrinkled dorsally, the 
high large folds very prominent on the side, so that it appears rough and tubercu- 
lated and is thus assimilated to the rough, older, dark part of a twig. Color, dull 
wood-brown, exactly like that of the twig on which it rests at base of leaves. Length 
113. The 10-lined pine span-worm. 
Order Lepidoptera; family Phal^nid.e. 
Larva. — Body three-fourths of an inch in length, dull green, darker than the leaves; 
body very slender; head large, considerably wider than the body, deeply divided by 
the median line, pale greenish yellow. Body on the upper side with ten narrow 
Jinear wavy dark purplish lines, which disappear before reaching the supra-anal 
plate, which is small, flattened, not prominent; it is subtriangular in form, the apex 
not sharp. Similar purplish lines on the under side of the body. Thoracic and 
first pair of proplegs purplish ; the last pair greenish. This though not a strictly 
mimetic form, is Rnfificiently so to escape ordinary detection, not being much darker 
than the leaves. Observed August 17, on leaves of the pitch-pine at Brunswick, Me. 
114. The red and yellow striped pine span-worm. 
Feeding in September on the leaves of the pitch-pine, a stout reddish brown 
measuring worm, striped with straw-yellow ; the moth unknown. 
This is another reddish caterpillar which is somewhat assimilated in 
color to the pine twigs among which it feeds. Unfortunately the moth 
is unknown. We have found it the 1st of September, at Brunswick, 
Me., and also September 20, at Amherst, Mass. 
The caterpillar is thick-bodied and rather short. Head large and smooth, not 
tuberculated above, but swollen somewhat on both sides. The sides of the body are 
swollen, and there is a lateral tubercle on the side of each segment ; the anal lateral 
plates are large and spreading ; the dorsal anal plate large, rounded at the end, and 
semi-elliptical rather than rounded. It is reddish brown, with minute straw-yellow 
lines; a pale straw-yellow median dorsal line dilating on each wing; a pair of dark 
brown dots on the hind margin of each segment ; on the sides an irregular deep yellow 
line. Head reddish, dusted with yellow and dark brown speckles. Length not ajiite 
.70 inch. 
115. The pine-needle span worm. 
Feeding on the leaves, a small measuring worm, closely mimicking the form of a 
dead red-pine needle. 
This is the most striking case of mimicry we have seen on the pine ; 
the caterpillar, as it stands out stiff, holding on to the twig with its hind 
feet, after the manner of measuring or span worms, would easily be 
mistaken for a dead, dry, red pitch-pine needle ! We have found one 
specimen on the pitch-pine at Brunswick, Me., September 1. On the 
5th it made a slight silken white cocoon and assumed the semi-pupa 
condition. 
The caterpillar is slender and unusually flattened, tapering more than is .common 
towards each end of the body. The head is small and narrow, but rather full. The 
color and form of the body is surprisingly like a dead red needle of the tree ; it 
could readily be mistaken for it, since the end of the body suddenly tapers like the 
piue-needle itself. Color rust red, a darker dorsal line. 
5 ENT 50 
