INSECTS BORING IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPRUCE. 85? 
The following insects also occur on the spruce : 
Order Lepidoptera. 
43. Eacles imperialis Hiibner. This caterpillar is reported by Mr. Hulst 
to feed on the spruce. (Bulletin Brooklyn Ent. Soc, ii, p. 77.) 
44. Grapholitha bracteatana Fernald, Comstock's 1880 Eep. Dept. Ag., 
p. 265. Affecting Abies bracteata, 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPRUCE AND 
DOUGLASS SPRUCE. 
Abies menziesii and A. douglasii. 
AFFECTING THE TRUNK. 
1. The rocky mountain spruce timber-beetle. 
Dryoccetes affaber Mannh. 
Order Coleoptera ; family Scolytid^s. 
This beetle occurred (July 7, 1875) in abundance in all stages in a 
growth of Abies menziesii,* the common spruce of the Rocky Mountains, 
at Kelso's Cabin, 11,200 feet elevation, on the road to Gray's Peak. 
It bores into the bark and near the sap-wood in all directions, its bur- 
rows resembling those of Tomicus pini, with which it is associated, 
being irregular but much smaller. 
The larva is of the usual form of those of the family, being cylindrical and of the 
same thickness throughout, with the end of the body full and suddenly rounded ; 
segments convex, especially the thoracic ones, and slightly hairy. Head two-thirds 
as wide as the body, rounded, honey-yellow. Length, 0.15 inch. 
The pupa is much like that of T. pini, with two anal 
soft, sharp tubercles. As my specimens are further 
advanced than those of T. pini, the wings being free 
from the body, and the abdomen longer, it is impossi- 
ble for me to draw up a good description. In one ex- 
ample the pupa had retained the larval head, but it 
was split behind so as not to interfere, probably, with 
the development of the adult beetle. V— / 
The beetle differs from Tomicus pini in its much Fig. 291. -a, larva; 6, pupa; c, bee- 
smaller and slightly slenderer body. The head and «eof the Rocky Mountain spruce 
. , , ... , , ., „ , . timber beetle.— From Packard, 
prothorax are two-thirds as long as the rest of the 
body. The abdomen is not scooped out at the end as in T. pini, but truncated, 
moderately rounded, and the end of the abdomen reaches to the end of the wing- 
covers, which are square at the end instead of excavated as in T. pini. Color red- 
dish brown, much as in T. pini. The body is covered with fine, stiff, straight hairs. 
Length, 0.14. (Packard in Hayden's Report for 1875.) 
This insect is said by LeConte to occur in the Lake Superior region, 
British Columbia, and Alaska. 
* This tree was kindly identified for me by Mr. Sereno Watson, from specimens of 
the leaves and cones sent him for identification. 
