THE HEMLOCK GELECHIA. 877 
This rude case is held together with silk, the worm living in a rude 
silken tube, and feeding upon the inside of the leaves. The length of 
this tube, within which the little caterpillar finally changes to a chrys- 
alis, is from 8 to 10 mm in length. 
The worms are found from the 1st of May through the month of June. 
One changed to a pupa in its tube about the 20th to 25th of May, and 
the moth (in confinement) appeared June 1. Other chrysalids were 
found in the tubes from June 20 to 30, the moths making their appear- 
ance early in July. 
The moth is beautifully marked, and probably examples occur 
throughout the summer. Without doubt the eggs are laid on the twigs 
or leaves in the summer, and the caterpillars become almost full-fed 
before the winter, hibernating in their cases, becoming active in the 
spring. The worms are preyed upon by an ichneumon, the oval cocoon 
with one pupa which had recently transformed, and another ready to 
imaginate occurring in the cases June 9. 
The full-grown larva. — Body slender, cylindrical, not flattened. Head of the normal 
form, not modified in shape as in leaf-mining larvae ; not so wide as the body, smooth, 
amber colored. Body tapering slightly towards both ends, pale green, of the same 
hue as the under side of the leaves of the hemlock. Cervical shield well marked, 
greenish amber. Each segment is dorsally divided by a transverse suture into two 
slight folds, on the anterior and larger of which are four dark green piliferous warts, 
arranged in a straight line, and two on the hinder division or fold. There are simi- 
lar warts on the sides and beneath. Legs 6 + 8 : the thoracic feet are pale, blackish 
at tip. The four pairs of abdominal legs are concolorous with the body. The supra- 
anal plate amber-green, with a few long setae, as long as the body is thick. Length, 
6 mm . 
Pupa (alive).— In form slender, spindle-shaped, the head considerably narrower than 
the body, which gradually tapers from the thorax to the end of the body ; antennae 
and wings reaching to the hinder edge of the fifth abdominal segment. End of the 
abdomen rather blunt and rounded, with a few very fine hairs. Along the side of the 
abdomen a row of short, thick spinules, one on the side of each segment, none on the 
back ; a pair of such spines on the under side of the sixth segment. Eyes reddish ; 
body pale amber, with a greenish tint on the thorax. The two terminal segments 
darker than the rest of the abdomen, and concolorous with the head. Length, 4 to 5 mm . 
less connected on the extreme costal edge ; three equidistant black points on the sub- 
median vein, the first situated opposite a point half way between the two basal costal 
spots; the second opposite the end of the second costal spot, and the third opposite 
the third costal spot ; the third spot is sublinear and ends on the edge of the wing 
at the internal angle. On the costal part of the apex of the wing is a curved row of 
four black spots, the fourth situated at the extreme apex of the wing, and on the 
outer and hinder edge are two or three minute black dots, between which and the 
fringe is a white patch, the fringe being also streaked with white. All the black 
spots are more or less edged on one side with white scales. The fringe on the outer 
costal half is lead color with minute black scales at the apex of the wing. Below 
and within, the long silky fringe is much paler. Hind wings very narrow, almost 
linear at tip, and with the fringe concolorous with the fringe of fore wings below and 
within the apex. Body and legs pale glistening buff-yellow. Hind tibiae long, with 
a wide fringe ; first pair of tibial spines twice as long and about one-half as thick as 
second pair; the tarsi ringed with black and white. Length of body, 5 mm ;'of fore 
wing, 5 mm ; expanse of wings, ll mm . 
