THE COLUMBIA SILK WORM. 891 
stages were published by Prof. 0. H. Fernald, in the Canadian Ento- 
mologist, x, p. 44 : 
Egg. — Subglobose, slightly compressed, the compression being least upon the side 
from which the young escapes; cream-colored, clouded with reddish brown, and 
attached to the object upon which the female deposits by means of a dark brown 
adhesive substance, which appears to be the same as that which is clouded over the 
surface of the egg, but the greater abundance of it at the point of attachment pro- 
duces a much darker color. Greatest diameter, 2 mm .; medium, l£ mm ; least diame- 
ter, lf mm . The eggs hatched in fourteen and fifteen days after they were deposited. 
Young larva. — Length immediately after escaping from the egg shell, 4 mm . Color 
black ; some of the individuals show a greenish tinge around the base of the tubercles. 
Body cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the posterior extremity ; head large, 
rounded, sparsely clothed with long hairs. The second (first after the head), third, 
fourth, fifth, and sixth segments each with eight tubercles, the lowest one on each side 
much smaller than the others. The seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh segments 
have each six tubercles, rather smaller than the corresponding ones on the preceding 
segments. The twelfth segment has five tubercles, two on each side corresponding 
with those on the preceding segment in size, and one on the middle of the dorsum 
of the same size as the upper ones on the third segment. The thirteenth segment has 
four tubercles on the anterior edge, and one at the base of each anal proleg. The 
tubercles are smooth, cylindrical, gradually enlarging towards the base and at the 
summit, the least diameter being about two-thirds the way up ; length equal to about 
three times the least diameter, surmounted with from two (on the smallest) to six 
finely serrated, radiating bristles, which are about twice the length of the tubercles. 
Duration of this stage, eight to nine days. 
After the first molt. — Length (taken a short time before the second molt), 15 mm . 
Color, pea-green. Tubercles aud bristles, mandibles, palpi and antennae, a spot about 
the eyes, a stripe on each side of the clypeus, the legs and a spot on the outside of 
the prolegs black, second, third, and fourth segments each with four black spots on 
the posterior edge, and a row of black spots on each segment after the head, on the 
line of and behind the stigmatae. Duration of this stage, five to seven days. 
After the second molt. -Length (taken soon after the second molt), 20 mm . Color, 
pea-green, with a bluish tint upon the dorsum. Black' markings as in preceding 
stage. Duration of this stage, four to five days. 
After the third molt. — Length, 35 mm . Color, pea-green, lighter on the dorsum. 
Marked with black as in the two preceding stages. All the tubercles with the basal 
portions blue, except those on the second segment, and the lower one on each side of 
the third to the sixth segment inclusive. Duration of this stage, six to nine days. 
After the fourth molt. — Length, 50 mm . The head at the time the larva escaped 
from the egg-shell was proportionally large, but during the succeeding stages it did 
not grow so fast as the other parts of the larva, and at the beginning of this stage, 
but more especially at its close, it was proportionally small. Duration of this stage, 
ten to twelve days. 
Mature larva. — Length, 76 mm (about 3 inches). Thickness between the segments, 
13 mm ; of largest part of segment, IS""". Head pea-green, sparsely clothed with fine 
yellowish hairs. Mandibles and outer joints of antennas, and palpi, spot about the 
eyes, two spots on the gular (these may have occurred in the previous stages, but were 
not observed), and a stripe on each side of the clypeus, black, the latter sometimes 
wanting. Basal joints of antennae and palpi and the labrum greenish blue. General 
color of the body pea-green, rather lighter than the head, and lighter above than on 
the sides, with the faintest tinge of blue between the segments. Last joint of the 
legs and claw black. Stigmata oval, white, surrounded by a fine black line.' 
The tubercles were greatly changed at the fourth molt, both in form and color. 
The first and lowest on the second segment is small, conical, black, and surmounted 
