X 
Lower Waikato. — On the middle Waikato and on tlie Waipa. — Recent lignite. — Coal 
upon South-Island. — Jenkins colliery near Nelson. — Motupipi brown coal. — Pakawau 
coal. — Coal on the Buller and Grey Rivers. — Coal in the provinces of Canterbury 
and Otago. — Conclusive remarks. 
Appendix. Synopsis of the results from analytical investigations of New Zealand 
coals 74 
Chapter V. Gold. 
The gold-riches of Australia. — Incentive to prospecting parties in New Zealand. 
— First discovery of gold near Coromandel Harbour in the province of Auckland, in 1852. 
— Scanty result. — The Nelson goldfields. — The Motueka diggings in 1856. — The 
Aorere goldfield in 1857. — Satisfactory results. — The Western ranges of the Pro- 
vinces of Nelson. — Discovery of the Eldorado in the Province of Otago on the Tua- 
peka, 1861. — Gold fever. — Diggers flocking in from Australia. — Great extent of 
the gold-deposits. — Gold in the Province of Marlborough, 1864. — The Westcoast of 
the Province of Canterbury. — Hokitika, the metropolis of the Westland goldfields. 
Appendix. List of ores and minerals in the Province of Canterbury. — Produce 
of goldfields 93 
Chapter VI. The Flora. 
Investigation of the flora since Cook’s time. — Dr. Hooker’s classical work on the 
flora of New-Zealand. — Number of the species of plants known. — News from the 
Alps. — New tropical ferns in the vicinity of hot springs. — Pecularities of the flora. 
— Abundance of cryptogamic plants. — New Zealand a botanical province of its own. 
— Affinity to the flora of Australia, South America, Europe, and the Antarctic Islands. 
— The mother-flora. — Hypothesis of a former continent. — Physiognomical character 
of the vegetation. — Scarcity of flowers. — Fern-heaths. — Grass-plains. — The forest 
scenery. 
Appendix. List of alpine plants. — The “vegetable sheep 
Chapter VII. Kauri and Harakeke. The New Zealand Pine and the 
New Zealand flax plant. 
Kauri, Dammara australis, the Queen of the New Zealand forest. — Limits of its 
range. — Devastation of the woods. — Physiognomy of Kauri forests. — Wood-cutter 
colonies. — Saw-milles. — Kauri gum. — Quantity and value of the annual export. 
The New Zealand flax plant, Phormium tenax. — Its various uses. — Its varieties. 
— Production of flax. — Other fibrous plants. 
Appendix. List of esculent plants. — Table of timber trees 
Chapter VIII. The Fauna. 
Remarkable scarcity of land-mammalia. — Introduced domestic animals. Pigs. 
Frogs. — Lizards. — A large salamander. — Sea-serpents. — Fishes. — Singing-birds. 
— The Nestor. — The night- parrot. — Swamp-fowl and sea-birds. — Mollusca. — 
Land-shells. — Insects. — The Wlieta. — Mosquitoes and sand-flies. Blatta. The 
vegetating caterpillar. — Crustacese 
Chapter IX. Kiwi and Moa, the wingless birds of New Zealand. 
The Struthionidee family. — Species now living. — Aepiornis of Madagascar. 
The Dodo of Mauritius. — Discovery of the Kiwi (Apteryx) in New Zealand. — Three, 
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