130 
in common. But 77 of those species and 59 of those genera ap- 
pear also in Australia; they are consequently common to all three 
countries and full 50 of those species are found also in Europe, 
leaving but very few species such as Edwardsia grandijlora , Veronica 
elliptica , two species of Coriana , Myosurus aristatus , Haloragis a lata, 
Hydrocotyle Americana absolutely peculiar to the two countries. The 
peculiar development of the common genera Edwardsia, Fuchsia and 
Calceolaria makes it also here doubtful whether America or New 
Zealand was their primitive home. 
The GO species which New Zealand has in common with 
Europe consist chiefly of strand plants , salt-water and fresh-water 
plants, Grasses, Cyperacece and some Composite. Most of them are 
cosmopolitan , occurring also in Australia , South America , and 
upon the Antartic Islands , the general diffusion of which appears to 
have taken place in a way which no longer exists. 
The 50 antarctic species inhabit the mountains and the south- 
ern extreme of New Zealand. They likewise are partly of a general 
distribution common also to Europe, partly they are found in Tas- 
mania, and chiefly on its mountains, but not else where. Only, 
when the flora of the mountains of South Chili, New Zealand, 
southern Tasmania, the Australian Alps, and the Antarctic Is- 
lands shall have been properly explored, will the great problem of 
the affinity and distribution of the flora in the South Temperate 
and Antarctic zone be solved. Then will it be clearly proven, 
that between the floras of the extensive main lands in the Southern 
Hemisphere simular relations exist as between those of the North 
Temperate and the Arctic zones, affinities and peculiarities which 
cannot be accounted for by assuming an oceanic or atmospheric 
transportation, or by the variability of the species, 1 but which 
speak in favour of the existence of a once very widely-spread 
mother flora, broken and cut up by geological and climatic changes 
into separate botanical regions and provinces. 
1 New Zealand, it is true, has many very variable genera, such as Coprosma, 
Celmisia, Epilobium, Ranunculus , Oxalis, Dracophyllum , Leptospermum , Podocarpus , 
/J aery diurn , etc. 
