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Zealand. The character of the landscape seems to continue the 
same far up to the steeps of the mountains; for even to heights 
of at least 1000 feet above the harbour, walls and crowns of white 
rock are to be seen emerging from among woods and bushes; hence 
the name Castle Hills for these mountains; the natives call them 
Whenuapu. 
This country is noted also for its numerous caves, ( hie of 
them, Te ana hohonu, the deep cave, is situated on the peninsula 
between the Rakaunui and Awaroa rivers close to a small Maori 
settlement. The entrance to it was entirely closed up by dense 
bushes of Koromiko (Veronica speciosu) and Tutu or Tupaki hi (Ca- 
naria sarmentosa). Likewise of the Warengarara fern (Asplenium luci- 
dum) with its beautiful glossy leaves , specimens of a most luxuriant 
growth are found. After we had removed the bushes, we found 
a kind of natural tunnel, leading in a north-eastern direction 
about 100 yards, but then getting so low, that a man could 
proceed only by crawling. The natives assured me, that farther- 
on the cave grows larger and wider, containing beautiful stalac- 
tites, and then separates in three branches. However, it did not 
seem worth while to continue the exploration of the same. A 
second cave was pointed out to me as the cemetery of the Nga- 
titoa-tribe , to which the famous Maori chief Rauparaha belonged. 
It is said to be crowded with Maori corpses, shriveled and dried 
up like mummies. This cave, however, is, at yet, strictly tapu, 
and no admittance granted to it. The tertiary limestones occur 
also on the North-side of the Kawhia Harbour at the Tawara Bav 
and on the Pati river. On the latter and on the Awaroa river 
there are likewise places abounding in fossils of the kind , that 
we have already met with on Whaingaroa and Aotea. On the 
Southside of the Kawhia Harbour limestone forms the rugged steeps 
of the Castle Hills. 
March 27. — Pursuant to a cordial invitation, I spent the 
Sunday at Mr. Charleston’s, on the Northside of the harbour. In him 
I became acquainted with the oldest settler on Kawhia Harbour, 
a Northumberlander by birth , a hardy, energetic man, who seemed 
