415 
ening every moment to break loose, loom up, like dismal spectres, 
from red, white and blue fumarole-clay , — evidently the last re- 
mains of the decomposed rocks. The bottom of the ravine is formed 
by fine mud , and thick , burst and broken plates of silicious de- 
posit, lie scattered about, like cakes of floating ice after a thaw. 
Here there a big cauldron of mud is simmering, there a deep basin 
full of water is boiling, next to this lies a terrible hole emitting 
hissing jets of steam, and farther-on small mud-cones are seen, 
from two to five feet high, vomiting forth, volcano-like, from their 
craters hot mud with a deadened rumbling, and imitating on a 
small scale the play of large fire-volcanoes. Quite in the back- 
ground, perhaps, 100 feet above the 
level of the Rotomahana , lies the 
green lake. It was a dirtyish-green 
water-basin , 40 feet in diameter ; 
the reaction of the water was acid; 
its temperature 63° F. The basin 
was surrounded by a flat, and partly broken shell of silicious 
deposit, and seemed to me to belong to an extinct fountain. 
iU. 
1 
The mud-cones of the Rotomaliaun. 
Towards South, at the mouth of the ravine, there lies quite 
picturesque between rocks and bushes, about 40 feet above the 
level of the Rotomahana, the fountain liuakiwi (Kiwi-liole), a basin 
10 feet long and 12 feet wide, with clear water of 210° F. , which 
is in a constant state of gentle ebullition. The stony deposit, — 
lacking, however, the beauty of the Tetarata terraces, — extends 
as far down as the hike, at the shore of which there is another 
smaller fountain , Te Kapiti. 
From the Waikanapanapa valley, opposite to the two islands 
Pukura and Puai, the shores of the lake become steep and rocky; 
hot springs gush out from below, under the surface of the lake, 
while above on the side of the hill the huts of the deserted settle- 
ment Ngawhana (or Ghana) lie scattered by the side of the spring- 
bearing the same name. Here the natives, probably for bathing- 
purposes, have constructed square-basins of sinter plates and con- 
nected them by gutters with the springs on the hill-side. The flat 
