417 
away all around, sulphur-crusts and silicious deposits cover the 
ground and the crevices of the rocks. Sometimes the Watapoho 
is said to throw out a boiling water-column to a considerable height. 
The springs hitherto mentioned are only the principal springs 
on the Eastsido of the Rotomahana; they all lie on the slope of a 
hill — rising about 200 feet about the level of the lake, over- 
grown with fern and Manuka — which steams on more than a 
hundred other places, and the rhyolitliic rocks of which are totally 
decomposed by the hot vapours into a more or less ferruginous 
mass of clay , from which all traces of the original structure of the 
rock have been effaced. South of the steaming hill the shores are 
flat. Here, on the Southeast side of the lake lies the Wakaehu 
(water in motion), and a number of boiling springs bubbling forth 
from the sand and mud of the shore, partly with clear and partly 
with muddy water. There are also three lagoons in those flats: 
Rangipakaru, Te Ruahoata 1 and Wairake; and in the rear, there 
rises an isolated hill , Te Rangipakaru (broken sky) , on the 
Wcstside of which, from a crater-shaped excavation, a powerful 
solfatara steams forth, depositing great quantities of sulphur. The 
Southside of the lake does not present a single spring of any note- 
worthy size. 
On the West-shore, the great terrace-fountain Otukapuarangi 2 
is a side-piece to Tetarata. The terraces extend as far as the lake, 
and the ascent is made, as it were, by artificial marble-steps, decked 
on both sides with Manuka , Manuwai , and Tumingi bushes. The 
terraces, although not so grand as at the Tetarata, are, on the 
other hand, neater and finer as to their structure. Besides, alight 
pink hue imparts an intrinsic charm to the marvellous structure. The 
platform is at a height of about GO feet above the lake; it is 100 yards 
long, and equally broad. It contains neat basins three or four feet 
deep, full of transparent, sky-blue water of 90 to 110° F. In 
1 The hole of lloata; Iloata is the name of one of the Taniwhas, who carried 
(lie sacred fire to the Tongariro. 
2 Otukapuarangi means cloudy atmosphere, from the continually ascending 
steam-clouds. Taylor writes Tutupuarangi. 
llochstetter, New Zealand. 
27 
