CHAFFINCH. 
301 
each feather being edged with yellowish gray, 
giving the latter colour to those parts where the 
feathers lie close. From above the eyes, along 
the back of the neck, the gray prevails, and two 
dark streaks appear which break the uniformity. 
The lower back and rump are pure white, and 
in flight this mark is conspicuously seen, and 
serves at once to point out the Mountain Finches 
from any other birds with which they may be 
associated. The wings are brownish black, the 
quills narrowly edged with yellow, and having a 
white spot at the base. The secondaries are edged, 
and the greater coverts are tipped with reddish 
orange. Scapulars and lesser coverts also reddish 
orange, the latter inclining to golden orange. 
Tail black, edged with gray, and in form con- 
siderably forked. Chin, throat, breast, and under 
tail coverts, pale reddish orange, still paler on 
the flanks, where the tips of the feathers are 
streaked with grayish black. Belly and vent 
pure white. The axillary feathers rich golden 
yellow. The female, in size, is slightly less, and 
is less vivid in the tints and separation of the 
markings. 
The Chaffinch, Fringilla celebs. — 
Fringilla ccelebs, Auct. — Chaffinch of British 
authors . — This Finch, also a bird of great beauty 
in its full summer garb, is one of our most com- 
mon and equally distributed species, frequenting 
almost every locality which can boast of a mode- 
