of 4,800 tons of coals were carried by two of them, the 
William Hutt and Northumberland, in twenty-eight days. 
There is also a considerable number of these vessels building 
in the Tjne and at Blackwall which will be put into this 
trade . 
The Great Britain. — The screw steam-ship, Great Britain, 
Captain Gray, which left the Mersey on the 15th of June for 
Australia, was spokeu on the 29th of the same month, in 
lat. 8.24. N., long. 27.30, W. — Seventeen days out — by the 
Great Britain ship arrived from Callao, at Queenstown. 
Captain Gray reported the passengers all well. 
CAPTURES FROM THE RUSSIANS. 
Rio. — Two Russian merchant vessels were offered at 
auction on the 10th in the Exchange, but found no bidders. 
This was in consequence of the Jornal do Comer cio having 
published an article some days previously, stating that the 
sale of Russian vessels must have been made before the 
declaration of war to exempt them from capture ; therefore, 
they wiil probably be broken up or allowed to rot in harbour. 
Russian Prizes. — The Lords Commissioners of her Ma- 
jesty’s Treasury have, in compliance with a request of the 
Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, directed that the 
several collectors at the outports be instructed to bring to 
account the proceeds of the sale of prizes and their cargoes, 
with reference to the Act of the 17th of Victoria, chap. 18, 
in order that the same may be transferred to the naval prize 
accouut of the Bank of England ; and, in pursuance of this 
order from the Treasury, the Commissioners of Customs 
have caused their principal officers at the several ports to be 
made acquainted therewith, and have directed that any sums 
which may be received by them on account of the sale of 
Russian prizes be remitted by bill of exchange direct to her 
Majesty’s Paymaster-General, Whitehall, to whom the bill is 
to be endorsed, and the Comptroller of Customs at the port is 
to advise the Accountant-General of the Navy, Somerset- 
place, of the remittance so made. 
The Russian ship Catherine Charlotte, of Riga, Daniel 
Kalliug, late master, and the Carl Magnus, of Pernau, 
Frederick E. Rassmus, late master, taken in the port of Hull 
by the customs’ officers, sailing under simulated papers, have 
both been condemned by the Court of Admiralty, and 
ordered to be sold for the benefit of the Crown. 
On Wednesday the decree, condemning the Russian ships 
Industrie and John lawful prizes to her Majesty's cruisers, 
was issued from the Court of Admiralty. With respect to 
the Ocean Bride and Bathia, taken in the port of Leith, the 
Court has deferred judgment for further proofs. The Argo, 
Russian ship, captured by a revenue-cutter off Queenstown, 
Cove of Cork, on the 6th of May, has been restored to her 
owners, the Court considering she was not liable to seizure. 
fflilitnrif. 
Death of Colonel Hogarth, of the British Armt, by 
Cholera. — Albany, July 27. — A telegraphic despatch from 
Quebec announces the death there on Monday, by cholera, 
of Colonel Hogarth, commanding the 26th Regiment of Bri- 
tish Infantry. He was in command of the regiment during 
the Gavazzi riot. 
The 97th Regiment has lost between eighty and ninety 
men in one week by cholera in the Piraeus. 
Mr. Keyse’s invention for biting off the ends of cartridges, 
by simply notcliing a portion of the outside circumference of 
the muzzle of the muskets in use in the British service, 
having been favourably reported on by the select committee 
of .officers of the Ordnance at Woolwich, the Lieutenant- 
General of the Ordnance has directed that it should be com- 
municated to the inventor that the plan has been submitted 
to the Commander-in-Chief, with the object of having the 
invention fully tested by the infantry at present under a 
course of instruction with the Minid musket at Hythe. Mr. 
Keyse has received notice, in auswer to a communication he 
has had with the French Government, that his presence will 
be required about the end of the present month in Paris, to 
submit his invention to the Emperor Napoleon. 
Captain Cleveland’s company, 12th battalion Royal Artil- 
lery, is to go through a course of repository instruction 
previous to embarcatiou for Malta. The company has been 
placed under orders for foreign service at that station, as it 
is intended to form a depot there, whence men of the Royal 
Artillery may be drawn to Bupply any casualties that may 
occur during the war in the East, instead of having to send 
home to Woolwich. 
^raiunnqjuii JHilitin, 
Dublin, August 14. — The Marquis of Londonderry, as 
lieutenant of the county of Down, has received a letter from 
Lord Palmerston, informing him that her Majesty has been 
graciously pleased to approve of the North Down Regiment 
of Militia, of which his lordship is colonel, being formed 
into a rifle corps ; and that her Majesty's pleasure, in this 
respect, has been signified to his Excellency the Lord 
.Lieutenant of Ireland. 
Portsmouth.— The 4th Middlesex Militia, Lieutenant- 
Colonel Bagot, are now under orders to proceed to Ports- 
mouth on the 23rd inst. 
BIriirnl. 
Singular Fact in Death-Statistics.— It appears that 
the total number of deaths in the cholera-year (1849), for all 
England and Wales, was 440,839 ; but in 1850 the number 
of deaths fell to 368,995, being not only 71,844 less than in 
the cholera-year, but even less than the number of deaths 
of the year preceding that of the cholera by as many as 
30,838. . . . If we take the deaths of the two years 
together which preceded the cholera, and strike the mean, 
and treat the year of the cholera and the compensating year 
that follows in the same manner, we shall find that the four 
years present nearly the same average. ... So that in 
reality it is found, when the aggregate of the four years is 
taken, either for the whole of England or for the metropolis 
only, that no greater number of people died in those years 
because of the cholera intervening, than if the cholera had 
not visited us. — Dr. Granville, in the Medical Times and 
Gazette. 
Copenhagen, August 10. — As the cholera has re-appeared 
among you, I beg to mention a remedy which saved many 
lives here last summer, as far as I know, not failing in any 
sing e instance where it was used. It is simply from ten to 
twenty drops of ammoniac water (salmiuk spiritus), in a 
poonlul oi water, well stirred, to be repeated immediately 
THE FIELD. 
after each vomit, aud every hour or two otherwise, as 
required. It neutralises the acids in tho stomach, causes 
instant and powerful perspiration, aud the patient is saved 
At all events, it can hurt no one. 
FRANCE. 
(From our mm Correspondent.) 
PARIS, Thursday, August 17. 
The only political event of the week has been the publi- 
cation of the correspondence of M. Drouyn de Lhuys aud 
Count Nesselrode with the ambassadors of their respective 
Courts at Vienna, relative to the Eastern question. The 
ouly fault found with the excellent despatch of M. Drouyn 
de Lhuys, is that it does not contain the least hint of makiug 
the Czar pay up any port of tho expenses of the war ! While 
the general opinion hero is, that one of the best modes of 
preventing despots breakiug the peace is to make them pay 
the damage, when they force their neighbours to incur the 
cost of going to war. The prospect of opening further nego- 
tiations at Vienna is positively sickening every body. 
Whether just or no, the English Government are sus- 
pected of being in favour of this do-nothing policy ; 
and these proposals, which smell strongly of further 
procrastination, coming just at the closing of Parliament, 
is looked upon as a very bad sign. In Paris people have no 
faith in any of your ministers, except Lord Palmerston, but 
he is probably the most popular Englishman ever known in 
France. His clear, manly, out-speaking style, which trans- 
lates capitally into French, has made him au umnistakcable 
favourite with all classes ; aud there is not a cafe in all 
Paris not familiar with his name. His late declaration in 
Parliament, in allusion to Austria nnd Prussia — that he 
cared little whether they were with us or not, while Franco 
and England were united — was a compliment which found 
its way to every Frenchman's heart. They say here that his 
lordship, like Canning, is too clever for his party. They are 
afraid of him. 
You will be pleased to learn that the Russians have sus- 
tained another defeat of tho most signal and decisive cha- 
racter, in which our gallant allies the Turks once more 
covered themselves with glory. The battle I allude to was 
fought on Tuesday, in the Champs de Mars, when the final 
repulse of the enemy before Silistria formed the grand 
feature in the programme of the amusements of the 
Emperor's fete. An imitation of the fortress was erected, 
of great extent — the principal bastion covering full 200 yards 
of ground — and of sufficient strength to bear the weight 
of the artillery and cavalry, which played tho chief parts in 
this holiday warfare. A regular pantomine in two acts was got 
up for the occasion, in whichall the performers from Frauconi’s, 
the Cirque, aud the Hippodrome were engaged, assisted by 
soldiers, who, in horse and foot, amounted to about 1,500 in 
number. The French shine particularly iu these affairs, and 
the military auxiliaries entered into the spirit of the repre- 
sentation in a manner quite extraordinary. The proceedings 
are supposed to commence at early dawn ; numerous senti- 
nels keep careful watch on the ramparts of the citadel, and 
of the fort of Abdul Medjid, which occupies the fore-ground. 
Bodies of soldiers are observed to advance on the out-works, 
which they strengthen with the various materials lying 
about. Mussa Pasha, the governor of the place, comes for- 
ward with a numerous staff, and encourages the soldiers ; 
suddenly an alarm is given ; peasants are seen to rush in 
as if pursued by the enemy, who soon appear, with General 
Gortsehakoff at its head, ami prepare to besiege the town. 
The Russian soldiers at once commence the construction of 
a battery right against the fort ; gabions, fascines, and bags 
of earth are brought forward and arranged, while the sharp- 
shooters protect the workmen. At last an assault takes 
place, but the Russians are repulsed with great loss. Gort- 
schakoff, furious at the result, gives the signal for a fresh 
attack, iu which the Russians are again beaten back. The 
Turks make a sortie, slaughter the enemy at their guns, and 
capture several pieces of cannon. Mussa Pasha testifies 
his satisfaction at the conduct of his troops ; but while 
returning thanks to Providence for the victory he has 
just obtained, he is mortally wounded by a shell, and falls 
nearly lifeless in the arms of his followers. At this intelli- 
gence, his wife aud children rush to the scene of desolation ; 
the dying warrior embraces them and expires. Imagine all this 
interspersed with the terrific roaring of the artillery, charges 
of infantry and cavalry, and, above all, the frantic applauses 
of thousands of the populace, who received every success of 
the Turks with roars of delight, while the proceedings of 
the Russians drew forth expressions of feeling exactly the 
reverse, groans and hissing attending every evolution they 
made. 
The decorations of the Place de la Concorde, the Champs 
Elysdes and other public places, were nearly the same as last 
year, and when night drew on the illuminations presented scenes 
of fairy splendour of which no description can convey an idea. 
The ascent of balloons, boat-races, public orchestras for dancing 
aud other al fresco gaieties of a Parisian file filled up the 
amusement of the day, to which the weather, notwithstand- 
ing some occasional threaten ings, kindly lent its indispensa- 
ble aid to the lost, Aquarius considerately reserving his visit 
until Wednesday morning, when he favoured us with a 
regular deluge. The whole thing went off admirably ; — 
yet there was one drawback in the minds of tho populace 
to the pleasure of tho day, and the question heard on all 
sides was “where is the Emperor?" “ Pas-ici/"" “ C'est 
et range I" In fact the absence of his Majesty was a theme 
of universal surprise with the multitude — ever prone to 
mystery — who were racking their brains to discover some 
secret cause for an absence which to them appeared perfectly 
unaccountable. 
The question is very easily answered. Their Mujcsties at 
Biarritz are not only in the best possible health, but in the 
enjoyment of that perhaps next best blessing — perfect freedom 
from the restraints and observances which surround them at 
Paris and elsewhere — a necessary evil of very exalted station, 
but not the less ennuyeux on that account. Letters from 
the spot state that the health of the empress had particularly 
benefited by the change of air, and that both herself and the 
emperor appear to enjoy themselves to the utmost, and that 
their stay there as long as they possibly can remain, was a 
point long since resolved on. Besides this, the delicate 
position of her Majesty is a very natural reason for the 
emperor’s remaining with her as long ns possible. So much 
for the wonderment at the fete of the 15th August not being 
graced by the presence of Napoleon III. 
The activity of the police here against those scoundrels 
who, not content with cheating their customers, poison them 
at the same time, is positively delightful. Scarcely a day 
passes but what some examples are made public. The great 
787 
delinquents m this species of victimising are the wine-dealers 
and milk-sellers. One of the latter, a wholesale rascal, has 
just been made an example of ; his name is Leffcvre there 
is a savage satisfaction iu gibbeting the names of these fel- 
lows — liviug in the Ruo d'Amsterdnm, close to the Rouen 
Railway , and who was, therefore, supposed to receive his 
wares lresh from the villages in the vicinity of Paris. He was 
last week sentenced by the “police correctionuelle " to six 
months imprisonment and a fine of 20,000 francs ! (£800) for 
drugging his milk. The case of this scamp was peculiar, as 
he was president of a society long established under the 
sanction of the authorities for tho protection of tho public 
against tho very frauds of which he himself was so active n 
promoter. This rogue has driven a most flourishing trade 
for a length of time, it being proved by his books on the 
tnal that his illicit profits during the last three years 
amounted to uo leas than 210,000 francs (£9,600). Hence 
the largo sum iu which ho was ftuod. Tho cheap wine- 
dealers are, if possible, still worae. Not content with 
watering thoir wino— which might, iu fact, bo of service, 
seeing that their stuff is originally some abominable compost 
— after watering it, they add some fiery poisonous coiupouud 
to give it tho appeamuce of strength.’ These wretches sell 
their deleterious mixture at threepence (six sous) a 
quart ; and, though condemnations tnko place almost daily, 
the fraud does uot appear tobe in the least abated. Among the 
most profitable abominations perpetrated by those knaves, 
is the manufacture of white wino from vinegar, the latter 
paying uo octroi .duty on entering Paris, while the duty is 
about fivo sous a bottlo on wine, which is therefore a cioar 
gain to that amount for thoso prrfid i carpones. By the aid 
of sugar of lead, and othor noxious substances, the frau- 
dulent transformation is cosily effected. Notwithstanding 
the frequent exposures, and tho severe penalties almost cou- 
stautly daily indicted, the profit is so gnat that tho number 
ot wiue-sliops are daily on the increase, for there is unluckily 
uo restriction hero as in England, of the number of licenses. 
The importation of the English system would bo a real 
public benofit. 
As usual in tho warm weathor, tho number of suicides 
in Paris has uudorgouo a notable diminution, only two 
having taken place within the Inst fortnight. One of them 
is rather peculiar. Two young men of fortune were sitting 
together at thoir rooms, iu a fashionable street on the 
Boulevard. Quo of them oomplaiued of the extreme heat of 
the weather, quietly walked to tho window, opened it, aud 
jumped into the street, from a height of more than fifty 
feet. He was, it is hardly necessary to say, killed on tho 
spot. The deceased was tho young Viscount do , and 
belonged to one of the wealthiest and uoblest families iu 
France. As I mu on tho subjeot, I subjoin the following 
abstract, from the official returns, giving tho number of 
suicides in France for tho last twenty -seven years : In 1826 
the number was 1,739 ; 1827, 1,542 ; 1828, 1,754 ; 1829, 
1,904 ; 1830, 1,756; 1831, 2,084 ; 1832, 2,156; 1833, 1,973; 
1834,2,078; 1835,2,305; 1836, 2,840; 1837, 2,443; 1838, 
2,586; 1839, 2.747; 1840,2,752; 1841,2,814; 1842,1,888*} 
1843, 2,020; 1844, 2,973 ; 1815, 2,084 ; 1846, 2,102; 1847, 
3,647 ; 1848, 3,306 ; 1819, 3,583 ; 1850, 3,592 ; 185.1. 3,598 ; 
and in 1852, 3,673. Makiug a total of 71,418, and an aver- 
nge of 2,645 per annum. It will bo remarked, that tho 
number increases, ns it were progressively, every ten years. 
The highest number was iu 1852, the lowest iu 1827. 
The aunual races at Lugon, in Veuddo, came off last week, 
but were comparatively unimportant; tho horses and owners, 
though very respectable for a remote quarter like that part 
of Brittany, being totally incogn iti among tho racing circles 
of Paris and London. Tho groat card was tho “ Depart- 
mental Stakes," for 1,000 francs, won by a mare called 
“ Roulette.” belonging to M. de Torvcs, nnd the “ Emperor's 
Stakes," for 800 francs, were carried off by " Corsairo,” an 
animal owned by M. do Nioul. 
GOLD FJELDS. 
Gold in Western Australia. — “ Wo nro in receipt of 
Perth papers to the 31st of March. They give in full an uo 
count of the discovery of gold iu that colony, and that too 
over a considerable extent of country, at a short distance 
(about twenty-five miles) both from Perth and Fremantle. Seve- 
ral parties are ut work already, sinking shafts. This will lead to 
the abandonment, by the Home Government, of tho trans- 
portation of criminals to Western Australia. M> /bourne 
Argus." 
Hear the Other Side.— Our letters from Western 
Australia, dated tho 14th of May, entirely dissipate the ac- 
counts of gold discoveries iu that colony. According to pre- 
vious advices, great excitement prevailed on the subject, and 
prospecting parties were in tho course of organisation. All 
that is now said about it is, “ The gold farce is over, aud not 
an ounce has been found," 
Plymouth. — The Marlborough, Cuptain Young, which left 
Plymouth on the lBt of Januury, and arrived at Port Phillip 
on the 1 8th of March — soventy-eightdays, sailed from Melbourne 
the 12tli of May, and was nguin off Plymouth on Thursday, 
thel6thof August— eighty-niue days. She experienced buffiing 
winds in the South Pacific, and was driven as far south as 
61 4 deg., with easterly winds ; passed some icebergs, and on 
the 11th of Juno was covered with snow anil ice. Rounded 
the Horn on the 18th in a heavy Houth- west gale, the ther- 
mometer as low as 10 deg. ; touched at Fernando Po, a Por- 
tuguese penal settlement, on the 7th of July, and at Flores 
on the 27th, for supplies. Since losing tho north-east trades 
has had light winds, with thirteen days calm and easterly airs. 
She lias brought 64,000 ounces of gold, 11,000 sovereigns, 
aud 100 passengers, among whom are several wealthy colo- 
nists. The Essex, with a heavy mail, left four duys before 
the Marlborough. A considerable number of first-cluss pas- 
sengers are waiting to come homo in good ships. 
More Gold. — The Maid of Juduli has arrived from Syd- 
ney with 18,598 ounces of gold, valued ut £74,392. 
A fortunate Digger. — In June, 1853, there loft Banff, 
in the Minerva, for Australia, Mr. Phemister, from Lossie- 
mouth, with his two sons. They went to the diggings, where, 
it is said, they have been most fortunate, Mr. Phemister 
having from one hole, almost in one day, dug up not less than 
146 lbs. of gold, or equul to £6,000. — North British Daily 
Mail. 
Golden Mottos. — A vain man’s motto — ‘ Win gold und 
wear it.' A generous man's — ‘ Win gold und share it. A 
miser’s-— 1 Win gold and spare it.' A profligate s V> m 
gold and spend it.’ A broker's—' 1 Win gold and l««“ l (infirm 
security aud good interest). A fool's — ' Win gold and end 
it.’ A gambler's — ‘ Win gold aud lose it. A sailor s— 
‘ Win gold aud curse it.’ A wise man's— 1 1 Win gold and use it. 
