828 
THE FIELD. 
between the two Governments, in order to make known to 
the military and naval officers the places or ports to which 
the prisoners are to be scut. 
“ Ait. 3. If a place of depdt for prisonore should he fixed 
upon out of the possessions of one of the two countries, the 
expense of it shall be supported by the two Governments ; 
but the advance shall bo made by the Government which 
may have appointed its officers to the care of the establish- 
ment. 
'■ Art. 4. Whenever the two Governments shall agree with 
the enemy to make an exchange of prisoners, no distinction 
shall be made between the respective subjects who have 
fallen into the power of the enemy ; but their liberation 
Bhnll be stipulated for according to the priority of their cap- 
ture, except under special circumstances, of which the two 
Governments reserve to themselves the natural right to 
judge. 
"Art. 5. The present convention shall be ratified, and the 
ratifications shall be exchanged at London within ten days, 
or sooner if possible. 
“ lu faith of which the respective Plenipotentiaries have 
signed the present convention and uffixed their seals to it. 
“Done at London, the 10th day of the month of May, 
in the year of our Lord 1854. “ Walewski. 
“ Clarendon. 
"Art. II. Our Ministers and Secretaries of State for the 
Departments of Foreign A Hairs, War, Marine, and the 
Colonics, are charged, each as it may concern him, with the 
execution of the present decree. 
“Done at Paris, the 29th of August, 1854, 
“Napoleon. 
“ Examined and sealed with the seal of the State, the 
Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice, 
“ Abbatucci. 
“ By the Emperor, 
“The Minister of Foreign Affairs, 
(Dnr Xrtfn-ffing. 
“ Droutn de Lhuys. 
The Emperor arrived in Paris at half-past six o’clock on 
Monday evening, without escort. The Empress stays at 
Biarrltn until the middle of September. General Baraguay 
d’Hilliora u raised to the dignity of a Marshal of France, 
" in consideration of t he eminent services which he lias ren- 
dered in the various circumstances of his military life." 
The Turkish A».m Y of Europe still advances. The fol- 
lowing telegrapltio despatches have been received : — "Bucha- 
rest. August 2:1 : Omar Pasha entered Bucharest yesterday, 
at the head of 25,000 men, with thirty picce3 of cannon. He 
was reooived by Cantalcuzeno and the Grand Boyards. The 
tlvronging was tremendous. The young Prince Stourdza, 
who is in the Tnikiah service, r..d t behind him. The troops, 
m blue coats, white pantaloons, and rod fez, made an im- 
posing appearance. Omar Pasha allowed the troops, among 
which i-* a small division of French, to dofilo past him, and 
then went to the Dobruticha summer residence, his quar- 
ters. The army <>f Asia has lost Bayazid, but a t. Kars both 
sides claim the victory in the recent battle. One English 
regimeut could turu the scale.’* 
DEATH OF MR. COLLIER. 
Sin, — I am sorry to inform you of the .leatli of Mr. Collier, of Bow- 
bngn, one of the best otter-hunters In England. He succeeded to the 
puck of Mr. Aysford, and few men could handle a spear or hunt an 
otter better than Mr. Collier. It Is said that he was struck by lightning, 
and lived only a few hours after. His hounds were excellent in their 
work ; they hunted the Axe, the Tone, the Culm, Exe, Teign, nnd other 
rivers In Devon and Somerset. Few such men were to be met with, 
and it will be some time before we see his like again. — Yours truly. 
Ranges. 
RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. 
Sin, — Having Just returned from the continent, I hear, for the first 
time, of the truly lamentable accident on the South-eastern railway, on 
Monday week. How is It, that with a perfectly practicable apparatus 
for stopping a train within fifty yards, known and “ rewarded by a jury 
ut the Exhibition of 1851," the Jealousy of "the profession " should be 
allowed to prevent its use. “ Lee's Patent Break " is the invention of a 
man who is not on engineer, and, though it woa most sereivly tried, it 
never failed. Surely there ought to be, somewhere, power to enforce 
Us application. 
1 have, on a former occasion of the same melancholy kind, written to 
the Railway Department of the Board of Trade, I regret to add, without 
any good result. Perhaps the powerful voice of the press might have 
some effect, if it took the matter up. — I am, Sir, your very obedient 
servant, Jou.s Coles Foubdbinier, Solicitor. 
9, Bush-lane, 29th August, 1804. 
COLONIAL. 
Ocean Postaoe. — From a return just issued to mi address 
of tlic House oi Commons it nppeara that, tho uniform six- 
penny rate of postage has already hem carried into effect as 
regards tho correspondence between the United Kingdom 
nnd the following colonies : -The whole of the British West 
Indies (tho Turks' Islands excepted), Canada, Nova Scotia, 
New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, 
Bermudas, Malta, Gibraltar, Ceylon, St. Helena, and the 
Gold Coast. Arrangements have been made for extending 
the measure, on the 1st of October next, to New South 
Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. 
Letters for the Colonies. — The sixpenny colonial rate 
has been, from the 1st of September, extended to letters to 
and from this country, and tho Danish West India Islands of 
St. Thomas, St. Croix, und St. John. This \yill bo a great 
boon, as St. Thomas is the rendezvous of all the Itoyal 
Mail Company's steamers in the West Indies. The fol- 
lowing notice was issued by the Postmaster-General : — 
" General Post-office, August, 1854 : On and from the 1st 
of September, the packet rate of postage on letters 
addressed to St. Thomas, or any other Danish colony in the 
West Indies, will be reduced to: — When not exceeding half 
uu ounce in weight, 6d. ; when exceeding half an ounce, and 
not exceeding one ounce, Is. ; when exceeding one ounce nnd not 
exceeding two ounces, 2s. ; and so on, according to the scale 
lor charging iulaud letters. The postage of these letters may 
be paid in advance, or they may be forwarded unpaid, at the 
option of the senders." 
NEEDLE RIFLES. 
Sin, — I cannot agree with *• Caledonia " that the danger of shooting 
bullets " is equally applicable to all Are -arms." Certainly, shot is not 
so dangerous as n bullet, for ordinary sporting shots would bo compara- 
tively harmless at seventy or eighty yards, whereas the bullets, so small 
even as 100 to the pound, which killed Captain Lacy's rabbits at eighty- 
three yards, would have iujured n man or cattle at 200 yards. With 
deference to Captain Lacy's authority, I think that even tho report of a 
third of a lady's thimbleful of powder would be sufficiently loud, par- 
ticularly across a ravine, to disturb at eighty-three yards the rest of 
the rabbits, so as to give ample time to load a single-barrelled pea- 
rifle, and theroby to do away with the utility of a revolver; and, as I 
said before, and repent, revolvers are not safe even when well made, and 
absolutely dangerous when got up cheaply ; nor can any complicated 
flre-orms he safe I agree with Captain Lacy that no shot-gun, how- 
ever large, would liavo done such execution at eighty-three yards ns to 
kill six rabbits out of seven, to say nothing of the waste of ammunition 
and the noise of the explosion ; nnd, therefore, " Caledonia " seems to 
have established the superiority of these small bullets in a pea-rifle to 
any shot that could bo used for a sitting shot, except in regard to the 
danger — a point I cannot yield. But ns an impudent prisoner said the 
other day to one of the London police magistrates, " I’ll bet the witness 
twenty to one lie didn't see me," so I say to “ Caledonia " and to Captain 
Lacy, that I will bet cither of them twenty to one that he does not kill 
six silting shots at rabbits out of seven with a pen-rifle nt eighty-three 
yard*, with bullets 100 to the pound, with a lady's thimbleful of powder 
divided into "several " ehargos. if he can kill nnd stop three rabbits 
out of seven, close to cover, he will do as much as u strong single gun 
will do with No. 5 shot at fifty yards, and with less ammunition nnl 
less noise ; therefore I am inclined, on his own dictum, to yield the 
captain the palm in favour of his pea-rifle ; hut being practical, I am 
rather inclined to bo sceptical, nnd to think that there is a good deal of 
ti'Mtli in llie adage that, in all sporting matters, " seeing is believing." — 
Yours, truly, Usidra. 
GOLD _K I ELDS. 
The Nouveau Monde Gold Minin# Company have received 
advice from Mr. J. Arthur Phillips, their inspector in 
California, dated Mount Ophir, July G, in which he states : — 
" The No. 3 cross-cut at Josephine has at the present time 
been driven about twenty feet into a large irregular vein, 
consisting of mixed quartz and greenstone. A sample fairly 
taken from the quartz obtained from this load wna carefully 
assayed ; but although slight indications of gold were in 
every inst;ince observed, the quantity found was too small 
for weighiug, and it consequently follows that the amount 
of metal present is below one dwt. per ton. Samples taken 
from the ores Bpalled at the Spring Mine vein, yielded barely 
V W> dwts. of fine gold per ton. 
"These results sufficiently prove that the quartz from these 
localities is for every commercial purpose entirely valueless ; 
but since in many of the veins in this country the gold is 
far from equally diffused through the mass, it has been 
thought best to coutinue the Josephine cross-cut a few feet, 
in order, if possible, to cut through the lode ; should it 
however present the appearance of a large eruptive mass, 
as in the case of the quartz in the pine tree cross-cut, the 
end will be abandoned after driving some few feet further." 
ffiririrnl. 
Cure for Diarrhea. — Two drachms of powder of chalk, 
two drachms of powder of kino, two drachms of gum 
arabic, two drachma of cinnamon, six grains of opium 
powder. Mix these together, and throw a teaspoonful of the 
mixture into half a tumbler of cold water, Of this take a 
tablespoonful every half hour, till cured. 
Mr. Sydenham Greenfinch in London. G. Rodtledge & Co. 
A very amusing shilling volume, descriptive of the divert 
mg, pathetic, and humorous adventures of Mr. Sydenham 
Greenfinch, and his friends in Loudon, very cleverly and 
profusely illustrated by M’Conuell, many of whose drawings 
combine the freedom of Leech with the fine humour and 
character of Doyle. 
The Half Sisters. By Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury. Chap- 
man and Hall. 
This is a tale of passion. The heroine, by birth an Italian, 
is an actress, who begins her professional career in the circus, 
from want, and leaves the atnge, its prima donna, to marry a 
nobleman. The story of her privations and temptations is 
well written and painfully true. The interest of the tale 
never flags, and the various characters introduced bear the 
stamp of originality without exaggeration. 
Sybil Lennard. By Mrs. Grey. Thomas Hodsou. 
Phis is not a novel : it is a sermon, and such a sermon as 
all should read ; but, more particularly is it addressed to 
those who, pure in heart and life, are the more ready to be 
deceived by the tempter. Mrs. Grey deserves the thanks of 
all right-thinking persons for this charming book. We speak 
more of her purpose than her talent ; the latter is too well 
known, too widely acknowledged, to require praise from us. 
Sybil, brought up in luxury, carefully guarded from the 
gaieties and immoralities of life, marries the being she most 
loves— a man in ever)’ respect calculated to make her happy. 
The evil genius of the story is a man, plain almost to repul- 
siveness, but of great talent nnd attainments. We must not 
give the stoiy of Sybil’s fall; for that we must refer our 
readers to the book itself, and it is with regret that, from want 
of space, we are compelled to refrain from giving extracts to 
show how, step by step, sin enters the soul of a pure happy 
wife, and leaves her degraded and wretched. 
Sunny Memories of Foreign Lands. By Mrs. Beecher Stowe. 
Sampson Low, Son, and Co. 
Of all the charming books of travels we have read, this is 
one of the most charming. It is a book which adds greatly 
to the literary fame of its talented authoress. Tho keen 
perception of character, shown in her personal sketches of 
most of tho political and literary celebrities of our time, is 
something marvellous. Her criticisms on the arts make us 
almcst regret she was not a painter, so true and powerful 
are they — so full of all the feelings aud inspiration necessary to 
make an artist. The visits to Abbotsford, Stratford, War- 
wick, Melrose, and all the other spots, here or on the conti- 
nent — made doubly interesting and dear to us by tho memo- 
ries of those whose fame made those spots historical — are full 
of poetry and love of nature. We have not space for long 
extracts, but not a page can be opened without discovering 
beauties. A quotation from the visit to Stratford will serve 
to illustrate her charming style : 
Wo had little time to look about us to see Stratford in the sunshine, 
so we went over to a place on the banks of the Avon, where, it was 
said, we could gain a very perfect view of the church. The remem- 
brance of this spot is to me like a very pleasant dream. The dav was 
bright, the air was soft and still, as wc walked up and down the alleys 
of a beautiful garden that extended quite to the church ; the rooks 
were dreamily cawing, and wheeling in dark, airy circles, round the old 
buttresses and spire. A funeral train had come into the graveyard, 
and the passing-bell was tolling. A thousand undefined emotions 
struggled in my mind. 
That loving heart, that active fancy, that subtile, elastic power of 
appreciating and expressing ull phases, all passions of humanity, are 
they breathed out on the wind ? are they spent like the lightning ? are 
they exhaled like the breath of flowers ? or are they still living, still 
active ? and, if so, where nnd how ? Is it reserved for us, in that 
" undiscovered country " which he spoke of, ever to meet the great souls 
whose breath has kindled our souls? 
The liussian Empire: its History, and Present Condition of 
its People. By James Hain Friswf.ll. London : John 
Cassell. 
A concise and well-written history, in which no important 
fact is omitted, and which proves the author to be well tead, 
and indefatigable in his research. The pages of the work are 
marked by no partiality, but tho history of the empire in 
set forth in a "round, unvarnished” manner; by which 
means the reader will be enabled to form his own judgment 
upon Russia and her rulers. In his preface the author can- 
didly admits that he had to read a great many books ere lie 
produced his own volume; and he also states that he hiB 
chosen the best authorities, whose statements he has sought 
to verify by the reports of living travellers. Tho book is 
well got up, and a perusal of its pages will make the reader 
quite an fait with the history of a country which now holds 
no small place in the world’s attention. 
Tom Thornton; or, Last Pesources. Three vols. James 
Blackwood, Paternoster-row. 
The adventures and misfortunes of Tom Thornton, a 
proud, but not altogether a bad sort of fellow, are detailed 
in these volumes very cleverly. Although based upon tho 
principles of the three volume school, it is neither tedious 
nor twaddling ; but lia3 a sufficient amount of well-described 
incidents in its pages to keep alive the attention and interest 
of the reader throughout. A very well wrought description 
of a French debtors' prison and its inmates, is one of tho 
salient points in the work, aud shows the author to have a 
good capacity for observation and expression. The pub- 
lishers have presented the volumes to the public in capital 
style, the getting-up of the books being irreproachable. 
Sits nnit Ipnrs. 
A Spanish Insurgent provided for. — Puchota, the 
torero whose name has been so often mentioned of late, and 
v. ho was the leader of a large body of the armed civilians of 
the L ivapies and Toledo quarter, has been appointed to a high 
post in the police. It ii his duty now to look after evildoers, 
and to keep order among the armed populace, and he is 
found veiy efficient. He has been the means of getting a 
great m my fire-nnuB out of the hands of men unfit to bo 
trusted with them. Although somewhat of a ruffian, as 
befits his original profession, he has a sort of code of honour 
of his own, and his word, it is stated, may be relied upon 
when once pledged. 
Old Bachelors in America.— At the ladies’ celebration 
at Rnrre, about 900 females were present. One of the dear 
creatures let off the following toast — “Old bachelors, may 
they lie on a bed of nettles, sit alone on a wooden stool, eat 
alone off a wooden trencher, and be their own kitchenmaid !” 
Wheelbarrows. —An American paper reports the inven- 
ion of a new wheelbarrow of which the wheel is undor the 
centre, bo that none of the weight of the load rests upon tho 
hands. 
The Nioer-Chadda Expedition.— This expedition ap- 
pears to be unfortunate. By a former arrival the death of 
its experienced leader, Capt. Becroft, was announced ; and 
we are now informed that the young Prussian ethnologist, 
Dr. Bleek, who, through the influence of the Chevalier Bun- 
Hen, was sent out to join the Pleiad, has been invalided home 
in the same vessel in which he started from Plymouth a few 
mouths ago. Dr. Baikie, R.N., is now the leader, aud Com- 
mander Miller, of her Majesty’s ship Crane, has kindly per- 
mitted his second master, Mr. May, to assist in the navigation 
up the river. 
Half Drowned. — A man has been resuscitated at Hull 
by treatment much at variance with the directions of the 
Royal Humane Society. Mr. Popplewell, a wool-merchant of 
the town, was bathing aud got out of his depth. On the 
body being rescued, apparently dead, it was laid down on the 
beach, and perseveringly rubbed all over with sand, and 
slapped on the back by two of the bystanders. Many remon- 
strances were made by the rest, but after a quarter of an 
hour the two hnd the satisfaction of seeing the drowned man 
revive, and ho recovered entirely the next day. 
The American Baby Market.— The Stark county (Ohio) 
Agricultural Society is offering premiums for the finest 
specimen of young Americans. Here is the list :— For pret- 
tiest baby, $5 and diploma to mother; for second prettiest 
baby, $3 and diploma to mother; for third, $2 and diploma 
to mother ; for largest aud heaviest child under twelve 
months old, age to be considered, $5 and diploma to mother ; 
for second largest and heaviest child under twelve mouths 
old, $3 and diploma to mother ; for third, $2 and diploma to 
mother. The above is not a fair list. All the rewards go to 
the mother; no encouragement to fathers ! — American Paper. 
Antimony Shot. — Messrs. Smith and Co., of the Antimony 
Works, Lambeth, request us to state, in reference to the 
paragraph in the Times of Monday, that they claim both the 
idea and the mode of making antimony shot, either hard and 
brittle or tough. They alHo assert that they introduced the 
shot to the board of Ordnance. Messrs. Smith add, that 
although no decision has been given by the select committee, 
the experiments made with antimony Bhot go to prove that 
the article is exactly the same in character as the shot which 
they introduced. 
A Noble Boy. — A touching incident occurred recently at 
a steamboat sinking in the Missouri river, near St. Louis. 
Among the persons who were swept overboard were a woman 
and a boy about twelve years of age. A man on the steam- 
boat seeing the boy buffeting the waves just beyond the 
boat, threw him a rope, and called to him to take hold of it. 
The little fellow replied, “ Never mind me — I can swim ; save 
mamma !” They were both saved. — American Courier. 
