834 
THE FIELD 
ping in the harbour. The loss of their ships and stores, and 
perhaps of 10,000 or 15,000 men in and near the town, would 
have crippled the allied armies ; and there is no saying what 
would have been the influence of such a catastrophe on the 
chances of the war and the fate ot Europe. 
The most strenuous endeavours were mode to save the 
powder magazine, and, thank God, crowned with success. 
The commander in-chiof was on a visit to the fleet, and even 
now it is not yet known who commanded in Varna while 
the fire was raging. But it is believed that the command 
was usurped by General Fieldcu of the Engineers, who, 
though broken with age and ill in health, was present at the 
fire from first to last ; and who, when the danger was greatest, 
was continually seen moving about in the post of danger, 
close to the walls of the French magazine. So close were the 
flames to this dangerous spot that the walls of the magazine 
became hot. You could hardly touch them with your baud, 
But I am informed the gallant veteran stuck to these hot 
walls, and that when he retired his hair was singed, and his 
eyes inflamed with the heat. Corporal Greig Is also highly 
Bpoken of, as a man who, by Ilia activity, coolness, and intre- 
pidity, lent material assistance to liis chief. The safety of the 
town is, in a great measure, owing to the exertions of 
General Ficldon, and of the engineers that worked under his 
orders; for, if the French magazine had gone, the two other 
magazines also would have buret. The principal mosque was 
burned down almost entirely. Many of the Mussulman 
population, confiding in the sanctity of the place, had in 
baste brought their most valuable articles and gave them in 
charge to four priests who belonged to the building. When, 
after some time, the soldiers penetrated into the building, they 
found two of these Mussulmans lying dead near the heap of 
wealth, suffocated by the smoke, and the other two seated 
close by nearly insensible, but still unwilling to abandon 
their charge. The soldiers were obliged to use force to 
snatch them from certain death. 
THE WAR IN EUROPE. 
Bucharest, Aug. 19. — The Turks are advancing daily : 
large bodies of infantry have already arrived, and are 
encamped in the neighbourhood. Two regiments of 
cavalry and two guns, under the command of Colonel 
Symmons and Sir Stephen Lakeman — who, as you know, 
is inspector-general of cavalry, and has a regiment under 
his immediate orders — started, three days ago, for the 
purpose of making a reconnaissance in the rear of the 
Russians, as far us their strength would allow them. 
They came up with the rear -guard, the day before yester- 
day, at Buzeit, and a skirmish ensued in which three Russians 
were killed and a captain taken prisoner. An important 
incident occurred here. A Wallachiau regiment quartered 
in the village took part with the Turks, aud exchanged shots 
with the Cossaoks. Nothing can exceed the animosity of 
the Wallach soldiery against the Russians. The Russians 
are in force iu aud around Fokshaui. 
Constantinople, Aug. 1 5. — A small party of Bashi- 
Bozouks, under the command of M. Dupreuil, behaved 
bravely in a late encounter with the Cossacks iu the neigh- 
bourhood of KustengA M. Dupreuil, after having shot one 
of the Cossacks, was overpowered by several, aud received 
some lance wounds, from the effects of which he is now re- 
covering rapidly at Varna. His own party came quickly to 
the rescue, and behaved most gallantly : even two fell dead 
near M. Dupreuil in the encounter with the Cossacks, who 
at lost, after a vain resistance and some loss, took to their 
heels. 
THE WAR IN ASIA. 
Capture op Bayazid by tiie Muscovites. — The Invalids 
Rime of the 18th August publishes further particulars re- 
specting the occupation of Bayazid. “ A further copy of a 
report, addressed by General Wrangel to Prince Bebutoff,” 
says the Invalids, “ has this day been received, announcing 
the capture of Bayazid. General Reed (commander-in-chief 
of the Caucasus) has sent to his Majesty the keys of the two 
castles of Bayazid, and a flag left behind by the Turks." The 
following is a copy of the report of the commander of the 
Eriwan division of the active army on the Turkish Caucasian 
frontier, dated Aug. 1 : — “I have the honour to report to 
your excellency that early on the 31st July, the town of 
Bayazid, aud both castles, wore taken by the troops under 
my orders, and that the whole Sandjak of Bayazid, on the 
Diadiu side, is in our hands. We found in Bayazid three 
cannon, one colour, large stores of powder and artillery mu- 
nitions, more than two aud a half million cartridges, 1,800 
stand of aims, sabres, ten large ammunition-waggons filled, 
medical stores from English and French depots, 1,000 chct- 
werts of wheat, 150 of flour, 300 of rice, 1,000 of groats, 160 
of barley, 300 puds of butter, 400 of salt, oxhides, and divers 
articles of clothing for body and feet. Besides this, quantities 
of barley and wheat were taken in the camps near Arsab 
and MuBun. In so far as I con collect from documents that 
have fallen into my hand at Bayazid, from the declaration of 
the inhabitants, and other reports, it is evident the Turkish 
corps had been augmented to 15,000 men, and that 18,000 of 
these took part in the battle on the heights of Tschengl. Of 
these only 2,000 escaped, and fled in complete confusion 
towards Van. Three thousand fell in the field of battle, and 
the remainder dispersed. All the roads in the Sandjak of 
Bayazid are strewn with dead, wounded, arms and ammuni- 
tion thrown away, broken-down carts, aud waggons laden 
with carriages and munitions. In Bayazid we found 300, 
and in Arsab about 120 wounded, who contrived to escape 
from the field of battle, but could drag themselves no further. 
The route of the Turks is complete ; the Bayazid corps no 
longer exists. Besides the capture of seven field-pieces and 
twenty colours, prisoners, stores, and the town of Bayazid, 
the result of the battle has been the submission of the whole 
Sandjak government. The neighbouring Kurds have evinced 
their respect for us, and have promised sheep for feeding 
our troops. According to reports, Selim Pacha, who com- 
manded and fled, was plundered on the road to Van by his 
own people. The troops under my command are super- 
abundantly provided for from the stores captured from the 
Turks, and the ammunition expended iu the battle re- 
plenished by the same means." 
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN THE BLACK SEA. 
The Crimea. — The Pressc, under date Constantinople, 
August 17, states that the last vessels destined to form part 
of the expedition were sent to Varna on the 15th. They bad 
12,000 links and 2,000 French troops on board, as also 
horses, guns, ammunition, supplies, and a great many flat 
boats. The Poinone, Lavoisier, Eumenide, Coligny, Mouette, 
Ulloa, Megere, steam man-of-war, had sailed for V arua, laden 
with Turkish soldiers, and the Mogador had followed them. 
Nearly all these ships towed two or three pontoons or troop- 
boats, aud some must have found a bad passage to Vania as the 
wind was blowing freshly right in their teeth. The Charle- 
magne took up 1,000 Turks from the barracks near 
TophanA AttheofficeofAdiniral Roxer at Constantinople, the 
programme of operations for a large fleet of transportshasbeen 
drawn up. They are divided into ships for the Light Divi- 
sion, divison No. 1 ; for the 1st Division, division No. 2 ; for 
the 2nd Division, division No. 3; and for the 3rd Division, 
division No. 4 — each with its distinctive flag, so as to pre- 
vent confusion, and each under the command of a naval 
officer. Thus each division of the army will have a division 
of transports for its special service and carriage, and each 
division of transports will he convoyed by a squadron of 
ships of war. This grand fleet consists of steamers of a mag- 
nitude, burden, and speed hitherto unknown iu any ope- 
ration of war — of such vessels as the Himalaya, the Simla, 
the Emeu, the Hydaspes, the Melbourne, the Victoria, the 
Orinoco, the Avon, the City of London, the Emperor, the 
Colombo, the Tonning — and of sailing vessels which would 
constitute a formidable navy of themselves alone. Our men-of- 
war steamers could probably land 20,000 men in then-boats in 
two hours ! The artillery which we have at present, under Ge- 
neral Cator, consists of the siege train (thirty guns out), com- 
manded by Captain Gambier (vice Flude, gone home sick) ; 
the Royal Horse Artillery, Colonel Strangways; the Artil- 
lery of the Light Division, Colonel Dacres; of the 1st Divi- 
sion, Colonel Lake ; of the 2nd Division, Colonel Dupuis ; 
and of the 3rd Division, Colonel Fitzmayer. Each division 
has twelve field-guns attached to it, so that there are forty- 
eight field-guns iu all. There are, besides, twelve guns of 
the Royal Horse Artillery — the latter are six and nine- 
pounder guns. It is calculated that the boats will suffice to 
land these fifty-six guns at one trip ; but the facilities 
for landing the heavy siege-guns are not so evident. The 
French siege train has not all arrived at Constantinople. 
A “ Gemini” for landing has been made out of two of the 
large Turkish boats of the Bosphorus, which are about 
fifty feet long and about eight feet ‘broad, fastened together 
and planked over the top, so that there is a light kind 
of raft formed, not drawing more than a foot of water, 
and capable of landing two heavy guns and their men, or of 
carrying 150 or 200 men with the greatest ease. Very many 
of these Geminis are with the fleet. 
It is stated iu the Journal Frangais of Frankfort, that an 
immense number of snuff-boxes, warranted to be made of the 
English man-of-war Tiger, taken by the Russians, are 
exposed for sale iu the shops at Odessa. 
Jfnniil. 
From China we have dates to the 6th of July. Nothing 
had been heard of the Russian fleet, which was supposed to 
have gone as far north as possible. 
The Boscawen, 72, Captain Glanville, sailed from Plymouth 
Sound on Sunday morning for the West Indies. 
The Sardinian Government has resolved to send four of 
its war ships to look after the pirates iu the Greek Archipe- 
lago, in order that French aud English ships may not be 
withheld from their peculiar- business in the Black Sea. 
Blockade of the White Sea. — Archangel, August 16. 
— Sir, — I have now to advise you that the ports of the White 
Sea have been declared in a state of blockade from the 13th 
inst., aud that fifteen days are allowed for ships leaving the 
said ports. Signed by the agent to Lloyd's. — To Captain 
G. N. Halsted, R.N., Secretary, Lloyd’s. 
Singapore, July 13. — The WerafF, which arrived here on 
the 10th, from Sarawak, reports that a schooner, bound 
from Singapore for Labuan, had been cut off by the Balinese 
pirates, off Taujoug Serik. 
French Navy and Merchant Service. — Constanti- 
nople, Aug. 11. — The most painful news, which is but too 
true, is that the cholera has broken out in the fleets here 
and at Baldschik. It has visited some of the French ships 
with extraordinary virulence. The Fricdlaud aud Monte- 
bello have suffered in particular; in the latter upwards of 
100 died in twenty -four hours. The only thing to do, if the 
malady continues, is to put to sea. 
Letters from Toulon of the 23rd ult. state that the arsenals 
of the interior continued to forward to Toulon considerable 
materiel of artillery, which is immediately embarked on 
board the commercial vessels freighted by the Government. 
The army in the East must uow bo provided with an im- 
mense artillery, which is daily increased by fresh arrivals. 
The personnel of a battery, composed of 130 men, embarked 
on the 23rd in the Chundernagore transport ; and the steam 
corvette V^loce, which is to take her in tow, conveys to the 
East ten horses and several detachments of soldiers, on 
their way to join their respective corps. The regiment of 
marine artillery has just organized a company, commanded 
by a captain, which is to embark iu the Vautour, for the 
working of the mortal's of that vessel, which has been armed 
as a bomb-ketch. 
STEAMERS. 
Loss of the Steamer Minerva in the Channel. — 
Liverpool, Wednesday. — We regret to announce the loss of 
the flue steamer Minerva, trading between this port and 
Cork, last night, off the Skerries. From all the particulars 
we can gather, it appears that the Minerva, Captain Rochfort, 
started yesterday afternoon, at half-past one, for Cork, aud 
at a quarter-past six o’clock, when oft' the Skerries, the wind 
was blowing a smart breeze, and thick weather was coming 
on. The captain then observed that the steamer was a little 
too near the Skerries Buoy, and altered her course, and in 
ten minutes afterwards she struck, bow on, on the Vic- 
toria Rock, near the Skerries, and went over on her side. 
She shortly afterwards recovered, but the water began 
to run into her hold, extinguishing the fires, and she began 
to fill rapidly. The boats were immediately lowered, 
and the captain and cabin passengers got into one 
which immediately put off, and was seen no more. She 
carried blue lights, but the remaining boats had only the 
binnacle lamp in one of them. When they left the ship 
she was still afloat, and could be seen by them, until three 
of the boats w-ere taken up by the screw-steamer Mail, Cap- 
tain Cooper, which happened to pass at the time ; and the 
attention of the captain, who was on the look out, being 
attracted by the shouts in one of the boats, reversed his en- 
gines, and took all he could find ou board. The boats were 
separated iu the darkness, notwithstanding that Captain 
Cooper remained in the vicinity for two hours. One of the 
last four boats, as well as that in which the captain was, could 
not be discovered, but hopes are entertained that both boats 
may safely reach the Welsh coast. She had upwards of 100 
persons, between passengers and crew, w T hen she sailed, of 
which about seventy were saved. It is thought that the. 
number of passengers in the captain’s boat, many of whom, 
were ladies, would he from twenty-five to thirty. — Later 
Particulars : Messrs. Pickford, of Liverpool, have received a 
telegraphic message from one of their travellers who was ou 
board the Minerva, stating that the passengers and crew in 
the two missing boats landed at Holyhead in safety. The 
wreck was, therefore, unattended by any los3 of life. The 
Minerva, which was built by Messrs. Vernon and Son, of 
Liverpool, was one of the fastest and best boats on the 
station. 
A New Description of Steamer for the Cx.yde. — A 
new description of steamer has just been invented and pa- 
tented by Mr. George Mills, which, according to the Glasgow 
Herald, seems likely to introduce a new era in the annals of 
river steam-boat navigation. The vessel is so constructed as 
to be moved at pleasure in a forward, backward, or lateral 
direction. The paddle-wheel by which she is propelled is 
placed in the centre of the boat. 
Prisoners in Russia. — Sir, — A letter dated Odessa, the 
11th August, from the gunner of the late ship Tiger, states 
that the Emperor had liberated the remainder of the men ; 
but on that day the six officers we left on the 10th of July, 
aftor the exchange — viz., Messrs. Edington, Lawless, Wil- 
kinson, Scudamore, Quin, and Delaney — were to start on a 
journey to lliazan, probably occupying a period of six weeks, 
aud to be performed in the country carts. There will be left 
then, of the Tiger's people in Russia, twelve officers and three 
servants, and probably a Turkish pilot, Suleiman. — One of 
the Exchanged. 
The Black Sea. — The Vladimir had her captain killed, as 
well as sixteen men, in the recent brush off Sebastopol. This 
vessel is English-built and fitted, aud is probably the best 
vessel of her class which Russia possesses. She is stated to 
have called at Odessa about the 24th ult, Btayed there only 
a few minutes, aud then departed for Nicholai (on the Bug), 
to which place she was understood to have gone for repairs, 
having suffered considerably. This intelligence having become 
known in our fleet, some of our cruisers were despatched to 
intercept her on her return, but she has not yet been seen. 
She carries eight guns, aud possesses engines of 400 horse- 
power. When English steamers have by any chance ap- 
peared off the coast of Odessa, all the ladies have tripped out 
on the Boulevards, in their brightest parasols and bonnets, to see, 
aud some to sketch, the English ships. There is considerable 
discontent in the place, and many merchants are leaving. 
Calais. — The Reine Hortense, Imperial yacht, has arrived 
here with despatches from Bomarsund. She met with very 
rough weather after her departure from Elsinore, 
CAPTURES FROM THE RUSSIANS: 
On Monday the High Marshal of the Court of Admiralty 
gave notice on the Royal Exchange that within twenty days 
the Russian vessel Concordia, prize to her Majesty’s ship 
Conflict, as also two sloops, names unknown, likewise prizes 
to the Conflict, would, together with the Russian ship Chris- 
tine, seized in the port of Liverpool as a Crown droit, be 
declared lawful captures. 
The cargo of the Russian ship Carolina, Louis Ehlors late 
master, taken by her Majesty’s ship Amphion, comprising 
350 tons of salt, was sold on Monday at Yarmouth, and rea- 
lised good prices. 
Elsinore, 23rd August. — The Reinhard Bolwin (Hanov- 
kuff) with a prize crew ou board, from the English fleet, 
arrived here yesterday. 
The Court of A dmir alty has reserved its judgment with 
respect to the Union, of Flensburgh, prize to her Majesty’s 
ship Cruiser, for violating the blockade of Riga, for proof that 
the blockade was in force, and that its existence had been 
made known. With respect to the Norwegian vessel Noruen, 
prize to the Archer, for breaking the blockade of Riga, the 
Court of Admiralty has reserved its judgment. Iu the case 
of the Ostzee, a Mecklenburgh vessel, taken by her Majesty’s 
ship Alban, for breaking the blockade of Cronstadt, the Court 
of Admiralty has pronounced against the seizure, but has re- 
fused costs and damages against the Alban for the unlawful 
detention. 
The Devonshire, receiving ship for Russian prisoners of 
war, at Sheemess, has had the collier Hercules, and the water- 
tank vessel alongside to complete her store of fuel and water, 
preparatory to the draught of Russian prisoners of war (500) 
being transferred to her, now on then- passage. 
jHilitarq. 
France. — M. Horace Vernet, who was up with General 
Canrobert’s division in the Dobrudscha, draws a picture o 
the dreadful sufferings of the men there, which would exceed 
the greatest efforts of his pencil to realise. On his authority 
it would appear that their losses were far greater than the 
French at Varna stated them to be. He declares that out of 
1,200 Zouaves who started for Kostendjd only 480 returned, 
and that out of 10,000 troops of the line 4,000 were left in 
the marshes of this death swamp. On such good authority 
one must rest with painful certainty. 
England. — T he War-office has just made nine sergeant 
majors, five sergeants, three quartermaster-sergeants, four 
colour, and one company-sergeant, ensigns without purchase. 
The Fourth Dragoons in Turkey. — “ Our food is mid- 
dling : we have a pint of porter and a drachm of rum per 
day ; this is a valuable thing, for though it is small, we are 
thankful for it. The greatest difficulty we have is to procure 
postage stamps, as, if we put three on a letter, it goes by the 
overland mail, so that it reaches England in eight or nine 
days ; while, if only one is put ou, it might not reach its 
destination in a mouth or six weeks. As for pay, we have 
received only 2s. since the 18th of last month.” 
^ontnitnf nni SEilitin. 
The Queen’s Own Worcestershire Yeomanry Cav- 
alry. — Colonel Lord Ward, muster at Worcester on Thurs- 
day for seven days’ training, meeting on the Pitchcroft at 
two o'clock precisely. 
The Durham Militia Artillery, Commander Major 
Stobart, is ordered to double its present strength. Major 
Stobart, it is reported, will be raised to the rank of lieu- 
tenant-colonel. 
The Bedford Militia, Colonel Gilpin, M.P., L now m 
garrison at Berwick-on-Tweed. The regiment is now nearly 
600 strong. 
