858 
THE FIELD 
orders that all towns and villages, where the enemy may 
show himself, shall be reduced to ashes. Those who do not 
obey this order are to be punished as traitors. 
THE AVAR IN EUROPE. 
Austrian Proclamation to the Inhabitants of Moldo- 
Wallachia. — Baron Hess, commander of the 3rd und 4th 
Austrian army corps, issued the following proclamation when 
the Austrian troops crossed the frontier Inhabitants of 
Wallochia and Moldavia, — In accordance with a convention 
concluded between the Emperor, my most gracious sovereign, 
and the Porte, the Austrian troops now enter the Princi- 
palities. They will remove from you all the evils of war, 
and bring you the blessings of peace. Receive, then, those 
who will care for your future peace aud security with kind- 
ness and confidence, and they will prove worthy of them by 
their behaviour, discipline, aud subordination. The privileges 
granted to you by the Sublime Porte will remain in full force, 
but I expect from the authorities all possible assistance in 
providing proper quarters and provisions for the troops, 
for whose necessities indemnification will always be made. 
All the authorities are now instructed from this day forward 
[the dato is not given], to apply in all matters to F.M.L. 
Count Coronini, who has been appointed by his Majesty to 
the command, under my directions, of all the troops in tho 
two Danubiau Principalities, or to the military organs by 
him nominated.” 
Constantinople, August 24. — His Royal HighneBB the 
Duke of Cambridge, who has been suffering from a sore foot, 
arrived in the Bosphorus last night, and landed at Therapia. 
Ho will stay a few days, aud then return to Varna, 
THE WAR IN ASIA. 
having left Ledsund on the 20tli August ; touched at Faro 
and Bornholm, and called at Elsineur, where the ship was 
placed in quarantine. She brings home 201 prisoners, in- 
cluding three officers and their wives ; seventeen died on the 
passage of cholera, which, however, has now left the ship, with 
the exception of six or eight Russians, who are fast recovering, 
and about ten of her own ship’s company arc slightly ill. 
She brings home eighteen invalids, together with Captain 
Major and two lieutenants for promotion. She met the 
Wrangler two days hack, all well on board, bound for tho 
Baltic. The whole of the prisoners were put on board the 
Devonshire. They appear to have behaved themselves ex- 
ceedingly well, but, as far as appearances go, are as dirty and 
ill-looking a set of men as one can possibly imagine, en- 
veloped iu a long greycoat, with no jacket underneath, 
and look as if they had not washed themselves for a 
month at least. They admire the provisions beyond mea- 
sure, and they have been allowed spirits, to counteract the 
prevailing sickness. Every morning, when they get up, 
they turn towards the suu, and cross themselves. She is 
ordered immediately to Portsmouth, to take in her guns 
and get ready for service with all possible dispatch. She 
has had foul winds, and has steamed all the way. It appears 
Mr. A. F. Marescaux, mate, has rendered essential service 
in interpreting for the French troops going out and the Rus- 
sians coming home. The names of the Russian officers are 
Captain Swearoff, Captain Meedan, and Lieutenant Blum. 
All three of the officers have their wives. Mr. Alfred Mares- 
caux was on board the Penelope when fired upon by the 
fortress of Bomarsund on the 14th of August last, aud gave 
assistance with the boats of the Termagant under Lieutenant 
Jenkins. 
Marseilles, Tuesday. — The Sinai has brought news from 
Constantinople to the 25th ult. General Guyon is appointed 
to the command of the army in Asia. Mustapha Pasha re- 
tires disgraced. 
The Russians have captured a Valaque vessel, which was 
canned to Sebastopol. Why was Sebastopol left unwatched ? 
0 for a Nelson ! 
The Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has appointed 
Lieutenant-Colonel H. F. Williams, C.B., Royal Artiller}', 
to be her Majesty's Commissioner at Kars ; aud her Majesty, 
by commission, dated August 7, 1854, has been pleased to 
giant that officer the local rank of colonel while so em- 
ployed ; and the Lieutenant-General of Ordnance has sanc- 
tioned the appointment of Lieutenant Teesdale, Royal 
Artillery, as aide-de-camp to Colonel Williams. The colonel 
has joined H.M.St. Highflyer at Trieste, for passage to tho 
Black Sea. 
Captain Baddelcy having been appointed adjutant to the 
field batteries iu Turkey, under the command of Colonel 
Lake, has resigned tho Adjutantcy of the 2nd battalion, and 
proceeded to the sent of war to assume his new duties. 
The mission to Constantinople of Nemir Ago, Schamyl’s 
nephew', has had the desired issue. Schamyl will support 
tho Turks in Asia with 80,000 men. 
General Guyon was nigh being taken by a party of 
Russians near Hadgi Velikoi. He owes liis escape to having 
cut off tho top of a Cossack’s lance with his sword, and to 
tho swiftness of his horse during a chase of eight hours ! 
The day following, Iskender Boy, and Mi'. , the corre- 
spondent of the Mont int/ Chronicle, were also nearly fulling 
into the hands of tho Russians. They galloped up to tho 
Russian outposts at Kourouk-D6rfe, and after hiking a good 
sight at the Cossacks, were galloping buck, when a shower 
of musket-balls was sent flying at them. A ball struck on a 
stone close to the correspondent's stirrup, and several went 
within half an inch over his head. 
An English gentleman, Mr. Balfour, correspondent of a 
London daily journal, died recently (about July *24), iu 
Erzoroum. He was interred with much cex'emony in the 
Armenian burial -ground. The corpse w r as accompanied to 
its last dwelling-place by all the European population, and 
the whole consulate body. The impressive burial ser- 
vice was read by the Rev. Mr. Peabody, a member of the 
American missionary establishment in Erzoroum. 
Notwithstanding the Turkish defeat at Kars, the w'hole 
aspect of affairs would be completely altered were Auapa 
taken by the allies — a conquest w'hich might be accom- 
plished with no great difficulty. The place is strong, but by 
no means impregnable ; and it would be perfectly practicable 
to land in its immediate neighbourhood a force sufficient to 
baffle any attempt to raise the siege. The capture of this 
fortress would probably be the signal for a general move- 
ment of the Circassians against Russia, which, if successful, 
would intercept the communication between Tiflis and 
Moscow. 
NAVAL OPERATIONS IN THE BLACK SEA. 
The Vice- Admiral of the Turkish fleet, Usman Pasha, 
Captains Oseon Bey and Ali Bey, and the midshipman Chali 
Effendi, who were taken prisoners at Sinope, are now at St. 
Petersburg, 
A letter from Odessa, of the 22nd, in the Cologne Gazette, 
states that several vessels of the allied fleets had appeared iu 
sight of tho port on the 20th. The garrison took the alarm, 
and the inhabitants, who remembered the effect of tho 
French aud English guns, were iu the greatest consternation. 
However, the vessels, after a little delay, withdrew iu the 
direction of the East, and official placanls were immediately 
posted up, announcing to the inhabitants of Odessa that the 
enemy had withdrawn because it was conviuced of the supe- 
riority of the Russiun forces. 
Jtanl. 
STEAMERS. 
Arrival of H.M.S. Termagant and Valorous wit 
Russian Prisoners. — Sheeuness, Sept. 5. — This day, ; 
two p.UL, her Majesty's ship Valorous, sixteen guns, Cuptai 
C- W. M. Buokle, arrived iu this harbour, liuviug left Le< 
sund ou the 27th August, arriving at Copenhagen on t he 301 
August, aud lei t Sept. 1, leaving the Stromboli at Elsjneu 
coaling, which made tho signal that she was coming hoin 
On the 2nd rffie passed the Sphinx, six guns, towing the i* 
Vincent, with Russian prisoners on board, making a sign 
that her captain (Mansell) had died the day previous of di 
Cased heart. Valorous has brought six women (wives t 
Russian soldiers) home with her, and two children ; also tl 
Groin Bailiff of Aland, named Izak Hermann Olirbom, wl 
refused to allow the inhabitants to furnish provisions to tl 
English, in consequence of which he was captured by Cap 
Sulivan, of the Lightning. 
This day, at noon, the Termagant, tWentv-four gun 
P crew, Captain Hen, K. aiived aV 3hee^ 
FRENCH NAVY AND MERCHANT SERVICE. 
The Minister of Marine has ordered from the Imperial 
foundry of Rouelle two howitzers in bronze, No. 12, on the 
new plan, for the use of the fleet. They are to be called 
Odessa and Bomarsund. 
The steam-corvette Gorgone left Toulon on the 1st for the 
Black Sea, with 300 passengers, among whom were forty 
Poles, going to enter the Turkish service. The remainder 
were sailors, destined to fill up the vacancies in the squadron. 
Tho steam packet Caire, belonging to the Messageries Impd- 
riales, left Marseilles on the 1st of September for Constanti- 
nople, with 200 passengers and twenty-two Sisters of Charity, 
who volunteered their services to attend the hospitals 
attached to the army of the East. 
CAPTURES FROM THE RUSSIANS. 
On the 26th ult. seven small vessels, freighted with flour, 
were captured by the English cruisers in the White Sea. 
Another Russian prize, the Problem, taken by H.M.S. 
Cruiser, has just arrived in the West India Docks. 
The scale of victualling the Russian prisoners of war is 
two-thirds of A.B. allowance, except in bread, which is to 
be served out to them in full allowance — viz., 11b. of biscuit 
or ljlb. of soft bread. Their articles of weekly food will 
bo as follows : Biscuit or soft bread, sugar, tea or choco- 
lato, oatmeal, mustard, pepper, vinegar, fresh meat daily 
(when it can be procured), or fresh vegetables, salt pork 
or salt beef, peas, flour, suet, and currants or raisins, when 
fresh meat cannot be procured. There were, prior to the 
arrival of H.M.S. Termagant and other vessels, only 
three Russian fishermen ou board the Devonshire at Sheer- 
ness, aud they expressed themselves highly satisfied with 
their rations. They declared they eat more meat in one 
week where they now are than they could obtain in one 
month when they were at home at their avocation as fisher- 
men, and they would be truly happy to have their families 
to share their present fare with them. Stores of every de- 
scription for the purpose of cleanliness, such as wash-tubs, 
soap, towels, &c., will be liberally served out to each mess, 
also mess traps for use. 
Billing. 
THE LATE COURT-MARTIAL AT WINDSOR. 
VERDICT AND SENTENCE ON LIEUT. PERRY. 
On Monday moruiug it was communicated to Lieutenant 
Perry that the following verdict and sentence in his case, 
which lias recently engaged so much attention, had been 
agreed to : — 
“ Not Guilty on the first charge. Guilty ou second, third, 
aud fourth charges. Permitted to retire from service by sale 
of commission.” 
The first charge, on which Lieutenant Perry is acquitted, 
was as follows : — 
1st. For having in a certain letter, dated Windsor-barracks, 
July 24tli, 1854, aud addressed to Colonel the Hon. Arthur 
Upton, president of the court-martial then aud there 
assembled for the trial of Lieutenant Thomas Fergus Greer, 
which letter bore the signature of the prisoner, and was then 
and there delivered to the said Colonel Upton, made the 
following slanderous statement respecting his commanding 
officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Garrett, viz., that after repeated 
acts of violence against myself (meaning the prisoner), by 
other officers of the 4Gth, while the regiment was iu Dublin, 
in my bedroom, I reported the circumstance to Colonel Gar- 
rett, who reproached me, aud called me a fool for my pains ; 
he, the said prisoner, theu well knowing that so much of the 
said statement as related to Colonel Garrett, viz., the words, 
“ who reproached me, aud called me a fool for my pains,” 
was false. 
The three charges on which Lieutenant Perry has been 
found guilty, and for which liia virtual dismissal from the 
army has beeu pronounced, are as follows : — 
2nd. For having, in the said letter, made the following 
further statement : — “ I then patiently submitted to a series 
of indignities, when I complained to Major Maxwell, who 
represented the facts to Colonel Garrett ; upon which he 
gave the offenders a reprimand. So weak was the effect of 
the reprimand or caution giveu by Colonel Garrett that, 
though the acts of aggression were discontinued, I was per- 
secuted in other wuys, until I threatened to appeal to the 
General of the district, aud seut a letter to that effect to 
Colonel Garrett. On it being known that I was determined 
upon such a course, 1 was earnestly entreated by several of 
my brother officers to forbear making any complaint. I did 
forbear, and from that time I was relieved from any repetition 
of the 
labour 
much 
as is c< 
to app 
that effect to Colonel Garrett”— was false, and that ho (the 
prisoner) had never made any threat to Colonel Garrett, 
annoyance nuu mdlgmties under ivmcu in-- 
«v : (the prisoner) the- — lormerly 
, * . - well knowing that so 
of the said stater^ witll r ^ eren(J6 to Colonel Garrett 
apprised in tho following words : “ Until I threatened 
cal to the General of the district, and sent a letter to 
either by word of mouth or in writing, that he would appeal 
to the General of the district. 
3rd. For having, on the 21st of July, 1854, at Windsor, 
when examined as a witness before the court-martial which 
was then and there being held for the trial of Lieutenant 
Thomas Fergus Greer, in the reply to the following question : 
“ Will you swear positively that Captain Nicholas did not 
reprimand officers against whom you had made a complaint 
to the commanding officer ?” made the following answer — 
“ I have taken an oath already. Captain Nicholas never, to 
my knowledge, censured anybody, be himself (meaning Cap- 
tain Nicholas) having ill-treated others in joining; he (the 
prisoner) then well knowing that so much of the said answer 
as is comprised in the following words, “ he himself having 
ill-treated others in joining," was false. 
4th. For having, on the day and year aforesaid, and at the 
place aforesaid, in a certain letter addressed and delivered by 
him (the prisoner) to the Deputy- Judge Advocate officiating 
at the trial of Lieut. Thomas Fergus Greer, made the follow- 
ing statement : — “ Major Maxwell has stated an oath that 
Captain Nicholas never ill-treated young officers. I could 
put questions to prove that he did, and that he (meaning 
Captain Nicholas) aids aud abets everything of the kind that 
takeB place be (the prisoner) theu well knowing that so 
much of the said statement as imputed to Captain Nicholas 
“ that he ill-treated young officers, or aided and abetted 
others in so doing,” was false. 
SENTENCE ON LIEUTENANT GREER. 
This officer, who was tried upon a charge of having been 
guilty of conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman, 
and to the prejudice of good order aud military discipline in 
the following instance : — “ For having on or about the night 
of the 28th or morning of the 29th June last wilfully struck 
aud offered other personal violence to Lieutenant Edward 
James Perry, of the 4Gth Regiment; and secondly for having 
at the same time and place used provoking, insulting, and 
disgusting language to the said Lieutenant Perry, calling him 
swindler, blackguard, and using other language of an offensive 
and insulting nature,” has been acquitted, but ordered to 
sell out. 
Lieutenant Waldy was ordered to be severely reprimanded 
in consequence of bis conduct in connexion with the letter 
written by him to Lieutenant Perry, aud produced in court 
after his denying its contents. 
Rifle Cannon. — Captain Norton, well known for his 
inventions in war projectiles, writes as follows to the Cork 
Reporter : — “ I read in your columns lately that a failure in 
experiments with the GS-pounder rifle cannon was perpe- 
trated in the presence of her Majesty, at the Needles, Isle of 
Wight. Had the shot or shell beeu constructed after the 
manner described in my pamphlet on projectiles, page 18, 
there would have been uo failure. I am justified in believing 
so from the fact that I fired more than one hundred shot and 
shell from my four-groove rifle cannon, in the Victoria-park, 
frequently using the same shot and shell without a single 
failure. I mil engage also to discharge shot made of mud, 
the mud to be properly cooked by previous pressing and 
baking after the most approved manner of patented brick- 
making. The natives of the East Indies, who use the pellet 
or ball-bow, make their balls of heavy blue or yellow clay 
well kneaded and mixed with oil. I have frequently shot 
these balls from a pellet-bow with its full force against a 
rock, when they would rebound like a racket-ball without 
breaking. A ball made of stone would fly to pieces ou the 
same trial, — Your obedient servant, J. Norton.” 
Major A. D. de Wangenheim, the last of the surviving 
officers who served under Frederick the Great, died a few 
days since at Altdam, near Stettin, at the age of nearly 
ninety-two. 
JMrtaL # 
The General Board of Health. — The following is the 
list of the members of the Medical Council appointed by the 
President of the General Board of Health : — John Ayrton 
Paris, M.D., F.R.S., President of the Royal College of Phy- 
sicians. Sir James Collins Brodie, Bart., F.R.S., Sergeant 
Surgeon to the Queen, Consulting Surgeon to St. George's 
Hospital. Sir James Clark, Bart., M.D., F.R.S., Physician in 
Ordinary to the Queen and to his Royal Highness Prince 
Albert. James Alderson, M.D., F.R.S., Fellow and Trea- 
surer of the Royal College of Physicians, Physician to St. 
Mary's Hospital. Benjamin Guy Babingtoq, M.D., F.R.S., 
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, late Physician to 
Guy's Hospital. Alexander Tweeclie, M.D., F.R.S., Fellow 
of the Royal College of Physicians, Physician to the Fever 
Hospital, Examiner in Medicine in the University of London. 
William Baly, M.D., F.R.S., Assistant-Physician to St. Bar- 
tholomew’s Hospital, Physician to the Millbank Penitentiary. 
William Lawrence, F.K.S., Vice-President of the Royal Col- 
lege of Surgeons, Surgeon to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 
Surgeon Extraordinary to the Queen. Johu Simon, F.R.S., 
Surgeon to St. Thomas’s Hospital, Officer of Health in the 
City of London. Richard Owen, F.R.S., Professor of Zoology 
in the Royal College of Surgeons. Nathaniel B. Ward, 
Master of the Society of Apothecaries. JohuBacot, Inspector 
of Anatomy, Member of the Senate of the University of 
London. William Farr, M.D., Registrar-General's Office. 
Health of London during the Week. — (From the 
Registrar General's Report.) — In the week that ended on 
Saturday last 2,515 persons died in London. This number 
exceeds the average 1,248 by 1,267, but is 281 less than the 
number of deaths in the week that ended Sept. 1, 1849, 
when the cholera was epidemic, aud 2.796 persons died. 
The air was stagnant in the early part of the week. No rain 
fell ; the sun shone brightly ; and the temperature of the 
atmosphere and the Thames ranged from sixty to seventy 
degrees. 1,287 deaths are referred to cholera, 243 to 
diarrhoea. The deaths from cholera during the last nine 
weeks have been 1, 5, 26, 133, 399, 644, 729, 847. 1,287- 
The present cholera epidemic, like that of 1848 — 9, has ap- 
peared in two eruptions. The first broke out earlier (Aug. 
21, 1853), the latter eruption later in the year (July 8). th®” 
the corresponding eruptions in either th« - ' . 
1882 — 8, or of 1818-9 Up to *’ , , 
,, ■ ; . . T . _ „ u e date of Sent. 1, lory, 
8 VI ALT" m -'**aon during fifteen weeks destroyed 
, * 1 ; in the present epidemic 4,070 lives have been 
,ost in the eight weeks ending Sept 2. Although a little 
more than a fourth part (616,635) of the population 
(2,862,236) of this vast city is on the south side of the 
Thames, 2,317 of the 4,070 deaths from cholera have 
happened in the southern districts. And there the mortality 
is atill heavy; 101 persons died of cholera last week m 
Bermondsey. On the north side of the Thames there has 
been a remarkable outbreak in the St. James’s district. 
