8S2 
twenty-four women came out with us, and they are nearly all 
ill. It is pitiable to look at the condition to which campaign- 
ing has brought our poor British females. How they live, 
and what they live on, is a mystery to me. It is a shame 
that, after a passage was .riven to them out here, no further 
provision was made for their support. They have no tents 
to lie in only what they make themselves out of calico, or 
anythiug they can get, and they are a burden to themselves 
and their husbands. In a great many instances the poor 
creatures are hated and scouted by the soldiers. I pity them, 
and often feel happy that I am out here by myself.” 
THE TURKS AND RUSSIANS. 
{Continued from jmrje 867.) 
The Wallachinns continue to show every favourable dis- 
position towards the Turkish cause. An address has been 
made to Omar Pasha, and signed by a great number of the 
influential inhabitants (nearly 400), requesting Omar Pasha 
to obtain the permission of the Sultan for the Wullnchian 
troops to join the Turkish army, and be led by him against 
the Russians. 
It is related that the Emperor of Russia, in an autograph 
letter to the King of Prussia, has proposed an interview. 
On the day that the Austrian Baron Hess received the 
order to send troops across the frontier into Wallochin, lie 
was at the chftteau of Count Alfred Potocki, to whom lie 
gave a paper, on which was the following : — “ In this castle, 
on this day, the order was given to the Imperial Royal 
Austrian troops to outer Great and Little Wallachia from 
Transylvania. More than 120 years have elapsed since the 
Austrians were in Wallachin. — Lancul, August 17th, the eve 
of his Majesty's birth-day, 1854. “ Hess, F. Z. M. 
Lady Errol, Mrs. H. Duborly, and Mrs. Crcsswcll, are the 
only three English ladies who follow the fortunes of the 
campaign. These ladies have no " lodgings in the town,” but 
live under canvas, and share with cheerfulness and resolu- 
tion, the bad food, hardships, and fatigues of an expedition 
carried on in a country destitute of every comfort and almost 
every necessary. On the march they ride witli the troops, 
and endure, as well ns they, the burning sun and heavy rain. 
There are several ladies residing in a good hotel at Thernpia, 
on the Bosphorus. 
THE WAR IN EUROPE. 
Prince Michael Oortschakoff has sent information to the 
Russian Embassy at Vienna, that his principal force will have 
quitted Moldavia by the 20th of September, and the remain- 
der of the troops by the beginning of October, “ unless 
hostile operations should render a fresh concentration neces- 
sary.” In Odessa, Reni, Ismail, Gnlatz, and Brailow, all the 
requisites for extinguishing fires have been taken, by order of 
General Liiders, and either burned or thrown into the water. 
A strong impression prevails at Brailow and Galatz that 
the Russians will set fire to the two towns before they leave. 
At Kalarasch, on the Bulk or Byk, which is at no great dis- 
tance from Kiehincff, in Bessarabia, a vast quantity of 
powder has been accumulated, and on the 30th of August the 
place was sot on fire on all four sides by Polish soldiers. 
Some Cossack patrols caught the men in the very act, " and 
they were immediately tied to horses' tails and so quartered 
alive.” 
Notwithstanding the difficulty of the Turkish tongue, a 
private of the 7 th, named O’ Flaherty, has made such good 
use of his time, since he has been at Varna, that he under- 
stands both Greek and Turkish, and was passed the other 
day as third-class interpreter, Sir George Brown having sent 
out his interpreter at the man’s request to examine him, when 
he was found perfectly competent for the post. 
THE WAR IN ASIA. 
Accounts from Erzeroum, dated the 17th ult., state that 
the Russians have abandoned Bayazid, which has been again 
occupied by the Turks. Au English courier, who arrived 
from Tabriz at Erzeroum, on the 17th, had announced that 
the road was entirely free between those two cities. A cone 
von, consisting of 1,500 horses, was accordingly preparing to 
leave Erzeroum for Persia. The battle of Kuruk-derd has, 
no doubt, induced the Russian troops in possession of Bayazid 
to fall back on the army of Uumri, for the losses suffered by 
the Russians at Kumk-derd must have been very serious, if, 
as Russian dcsertera have declared at Kiu-s, they had from 
10,000 to 11,000 men, out of 22,000 or 23,000, put hors de 
combat. 
A letter from Beyrout, of the 19th ult., states that Emir 
Beshir Ahmet, the candidate proposed by the great Powers 
for the post of Christian Kaimocon of Lebanon, had been 
confirmed by the Sublime Porte, and the Muckir bad imme- 
diately given him the investiture. This appointment had 
been favourably received by the population of the mountains. 
JJnnal. 
An order has been issued at Sheerness regulating the time 
of persons visiting the Royal Albert and dockyard, in order 
to meet the arrival of passengers by the steam-packets from 
London viii the Thames and Medway. They are in fufcui e to 
assemble at the yard-gate, at 9.30 turn., and at 2 p.m., 
when they will be escorted through the yard (with permis- 
sion to visit the Royal Albert), by the police. Every facility 
is given to visitors by arrangements made by the Captain- 
Superintendent. The number of visitors daily is immense. 
On Monday, the fires were lighted up on board the Royal 
Albert to prove the boilers and joints. The fires were kept 
back by order of Mr. Rumble, the chief engineer, until the 
arrival of Mr. Hartrie, the representative of Messrs. John 
Penn and Son. At 10 a.m. the engines were started, and 
when fully up to their speed mode fifty-one revolutions per 
minute, the load on the safety-valve being 20lb. on the 
square inch. The engines were worked four hours and 
a-half, giving the greatest satisfaction to all present. There 
was not the least symptom of hot bearings, and everything 
worked with the greatest ease. The boilers gave nn 
abundant supply of steam. There was an excellent draught 
in the fire-places. The engine-room and stoke-hole were un- 
usually cool, the engine-room not exceeding eighty degrees, 
and the stoke-hole not more than 100 degrees. From Mon- 
day’s trial at moorings, it seems probable that high speed 
w ill be hereafter obtained, ns the engines made tifty-oue 
revolutions on nn average. Screw vessels generally make 
about three-fourths of their revolutions at moorings, conse- 
quently there is but little doubt these engines will make sixty 
revolutions on her trial, and with the present pitch of 
screw, with a liberal allowance for slip, this stupendous 
mass of wood and metals will be propelled through the 
THE FIELD. 
water (with a nominal power of 500 horse) at the rate of 
104 knots per hour. 
Death of a Character — An aged man, named Bilhard, 
lately died in the Union workhouse, Leicester, in his seventy- 
first year. He was one of the mutineers of the Nore, and was 
sentenced to execution. The rope was about his neck, and 
he was on the point of being Bwung off, when he wa3 reprieved. 
From that hour to the time of his death — whether it was 
from a nervous feeling or from fancy cannot be determined — 
he never wore a neckerchief about his neck. Cravats 
had for him, probably, disagreeable reminiscences. — Not- 
tingham. Review. 
The Enemy at Sea ! — Russian papers mention that on 
July 22nd (not stated whether O. S. or N. S.) six ships of 
the line, towed by six steam-frigates, put out to sea from 
Cronstadt harbour, and after a cruise of five days returned 
to Cronstadt. On July 30th the fifth battalion of the 
reserve flotilla of row-boats arrived at Cronstadt with the 
gunboats from St. Petersburg. Despatches received in the 
capital mention a hostile squadron off Revel, August 21st. 
On the 18th and 19th of August a cannonade was heard ut 
Solsbury in N.W. direction. From same place (20th) au 
enemy’s liner in sight, fast on a sand-bank. From Hel- 
singfors and Sweaborg (22nd) cruisers of the enemy ex- 
changed shots with Russian steamers without further results. 
FRENCH NAVY AND MERCHANT SERVICE. 
The private correspondence from the East of the Monitcur 
de la Plotte gives a very satisfactory account of the sanitary 
state of the French squadron : — “ Public report (it sayB) had 
greatly exaggerated the number of deaths, causing thereby 
general apprehension, which, thank God ! the result has not 
justified. One fact worthy of remark was, that after the 
worst symptoms of the disease had disappeared, we had only 
to regret the loss of one officer ; and, wliat is still more won- 
derful, several vessels escaped altogether, especially the 
Charlemagne and Napoleon, which constantly kept at sea. 
Next to these, the most favoured were the Ville de Mar- 
seilles, Jena, and Henri Quartre. There were twenty-ono 
deaths on board the Suffreu. The epidemic first broke out 
on board the Primauguet, on her arrival from Gallipoli, where 
the cholera was raging in all its fury. The Turkish popula- 
tion showed the greatest care and attention to our crews 
under those trying circumstances. The Alger had to land all 
the sick and place them under canvas to avoid contagion, but 
they only remained there one day, as the Turks came forward 
to offer their houses, where they met with every possible 
attention.” 
Movements of Ships of War, Aug. 15.— At Rio de 
Janeiro : French squadron — Andromede, 50 ; Galathfce, 30 ; 
Chasseur. 14 ; Catenat, 6. At Lisbon, Sept. 8 : The French 
steamer Newton. 
STEAMERS. 
Liverpool, Sept. 9. — The British and North- American 
mail steamer Arabia, Judkins commander, took her de- 
parture hence for New York with 171 passengers and a full 
cargo. This afternoon the Italian operatic corps, who have 
been performing in the Theatre Royal, left Liverpool (vi< i 
Holyhead) for Dublin, where they commence a fortnight's 
engagement on Monday. This afternoon was launched from 
the shipbuilding yard of Messrs. Vernon and Son a new iron 
screw-steamer, the Loire, being the pioneer vessel of a new 
line of steamers from this port to Nantes. She is 573 tons 
burthen, 175 feet long, 2G feet wide, 14 feet depth of hold, 
and her engines are of 70-horse power. 
London. — The Austrian steam-frigate Elizabeth, which 
has been fitting out for service in the East India Dock, was 
hauled out into the river on Monday, to the buoys oft' Black- 
wall, where she will wait for a few days to be wanned by a 
crew brought over by the Austrian screw-frigate now lying 
off Greenhithe. 
Ledsund, Baltic, Sept. 5. — A small Russian steamer, to 
the surprise of all, made her way through the islands, and 
appeared off Bomarsund in time to see the main fort blown 
up, on the evening of the 2nd inst. She carried a flag of 
truce, but this I consider a piece of expediency on her part. 
Her real object, without doubt, was to see what had been 
done to the fortresses, &c. She stated that she left Helsing- 
fors with the view of embarking the wives and families of 
the Russian prisoners, and not having met an English man- 
of-war in her passage through the Gulf of Finland, she con- 
eluded the blockade was raised, and she pushed on for 
Bomarsund ! The admiral was going to detain her ; but, 
although her conduct was doubtful, he subsequently al- 
lowed her to return. It blew furiously last night. Four 
French ships dragged their anchors ; one got foul of the 
Duke, and carried away the dolphin-strike. 
CAPTURES FROM THE RUSSIANS. 
China. — An able seaman belonging to the Sybille, in a 
letter dated Batavia, July S, and received at Plymouth last 
week, says, “ The Winchester has taken a Russian frigate and 
two corvettes in the north of China.” 
Deal.- Russian Prisoners. — The barracks both at Deal 
and Walmer have been selected for the confinement of 
Russian prisoners of war. The depOts of the 19th and 44th 
regiments of Foot, therefore, vacated their old quarters on 
Wednesday last, and marched to Dover Castle. 
Sheerness.— Devonshire and Benbow Prison-Ships.— 
An increase in the number of the Pensioner Guards for the 
Devonshire has been ordered. The paymaster and the sur- 
geonoftkis ship have now nearly 1,400 men under their 
charge. Several cases of cholera have broken out among the 
prisoners since being put on board, some of which have 
proved fatal. An assistant-surgeon has been sent on board 
the Benbow. It is reported there are to be at least two sur- 
geons on board each ship, so as to give a relief to each, other, as 
the present gentlemen are occupied day and night in attending 
on the sick. 
Sale of Prizes. — On Monday, the High Marshal of the 
Court of Admiralty gave public notice on the Royal Exchange 
that, within twenty days from that date, the ship Rapid, 
seized in the port of Hull by her Majesty's officers of Customs, 
under simulated papers, and of which Hansen was late the 
master, would be condemned os a Crown droit, the same 
being the property of the Queen’s enemies. On the same 
day the Russian prizes John and Industrie were sold by 
public auction at Hull by the Admiralty broker. They 
realised very good prices. The Russian vessel Carolina, 
Elders late master, 285 tons burden, built at Riga in 1832, 
prize to her Majesty’s ships Amphion and Archer, was sold 
by auction on Wednesday, at Yarmouth, by the Admiralty 
broker, realising a considerable sum. 
On Monday, advices were received that another Russian 
prize, the Anna Marin, had J visaed Elsinore (of which place 
wo to-day give an illustration), for England, in charge of 
Prizemaster Bathurst. The Themis, also a prize to her 
Majesty’s cruisers in the Baltic, has passed Elsinore for the 
port of London. 
The St. Vincent, 102, in Portsmouth harbour, is being 
cleared out and fumigated after having cholera on board. 
The beds, &c., used by troops and Russian prisoners, are 
being examined, and will be cleansed or burnt on an island 
in Portsmouth harbour. 
Her Majesty's ship Hannibal, Captain Grey, passed Fal- 
mouth ou Sunday with Russian prisoners from Bomarsund, 
bound for Brest. 
The eight Russian vessels that were taken at Libau in the 
middle of May, are still lying dismantled in Meinel harbour ; 
and it seems very doubtful whether the hulls will ever be 
found worthy the expense of a new rigging. 
Sheerness, Wednesday. — The Finnish soldiers were yes- 
terday separated from the Russian soldiers, and also the 
Russian Jews from the Finnish Jews, each being placed in 
separate messes, by order of Lieutenant-Commander Everest, 
who took the greatest interest in meeting the wishes of 
Lieutenant Hook, of the Finnish Artillery, who went on 
board yesterday for the purpose of distributing pay to the 
soldiers, due up to the time of the capture of Bomarsund. 
A question of some importance arose yesterday among the 
gentlemen cadets, prisoners, most of whom are sons of gentle- 
men, under training in the ranks to serve as sub-lieutenants ; it 
was, whether they were entitled to their parole, and to receive 
their subsistence-money thesame as the lieutenants. There are 
in all sixteen of them, and they express great sorrow that at 
present they have no privilege beyond the common soldier — 
the service instructions making no provision under a sub- 
lieutenant. This rank they claim, as they were entitled to 
all the privileges of Bub-lieutenants in their own service. An 
especial application will be made to the authorities on their 
behalf on this subject immediately. Non-commissioned 
officers have kindly been granted a day parole, occasionally, 
for their health, and the officers in charge wish to give 
all reasonable indulgences. There are women among 
them on board the Benbow. The husband of one (a common 
soldier) was killed at the taking of Bomarsund ; the husband 
of the other (a common soldier also) died on his passage 
home in the St. Vincent. The former woman is near her 
confinement, and is in very delicate health. A cabin is 
appropriated for her by Lieutenant-Commander Everest, 
and every attention shown her that her situation requires. 
Fresh cases of cholera are daily making their appearance on 
board both ships. The following are the names of the gentle- 
men cadets : — Carl Scanberg, Alexander Ekman, Carl Rannu, 
Frans Wahlborg, Gustaf Lindsbrom, Carl Tararotk, Gustaf 
Freij, Carl Forssgard, Wilhelm Gronholm, Pavel Petraff, 
Alexy Sveroff Mattoy off Fejdoroff, on board the Devonshire, 
and cadets Ferfebrom, Aisspegrin, Sandberg, Bjarhbomt, 
and Wansin, on board the Benbow. These gentlemen, seven- 
teen in number, have appealed to their senior officer at 
Sheerness— Major Grahn, of the Finnish Grenadier Company 
— to interest himself on their behalf to obtain their parole 
and subsistence. 
The Russian prizes Mazeta and Fortune, taken by her 
Majesty’s steamers Amphion and Archer, are now being 
worked home from Memel, in charge of prize crews, in order 
that they may be legally condemned by the Court of Ad- 
miralty and sold for the benefit of their captors. 
H.M.S. Hannibal, Commodore the Hon. F. W. Grey, ar- 
rived at Sheerness on Tuesday, at 2.30 p.m., from Brest ; 
she arrived at Brest, from the Downs, on the night of the 
7th ; she was subjected to a strict quarantine of five days. 
The prisoners were transhipped into transports and conveyed 
to Rochefort. The following officers were brought home 
from Bomarsund by her — viz., Colonel Turnheilm, Lieut. - 
Colonel Kraushold, Captain Knosring, Captain Bark, Captain 
Fomin, Lieutenant Chatelain, Lieutenant Brofelt, Lieutenant 
Wolkoff, Lieutenant Borisoff, and Johan Ernold ; the latter- 
named gentleman was a Polish officer, prisoner to the 
Russians in the fort at Bomarsund, and released by the 
admiral's orders on arrival in France. There were also 288 
rank and file, teu women, and three children. Nineteen 
deaths among the Russian soldiers took place on the passage 
home. There have also been nineteen deaths among the 
ship’s company. Dr. Crawford, the surgeon, and the 
assistant-surgeon, appear to have suffered considerably from 
constant fatigue in attending on the sick and dying men, 
the Russian surgeons at the forts at Bomarsund made their 
early exit from the forts and escaped being taken as prisoners. 
3^Lilitnrq. 
The Cent Garde. — By the majority of English, the body- 
guard of the Emperor are considered to be somewhat too 
showy and theatrical in appearance ; and, habituated as the 
English are to a more severe style of clothing for the army, 
it is not a matter of surprise that such an opinion should 
have been formed. In spite, however, of the very elaborate 
manner in which this crack corps is got up, and the some- 
what violent contrast of colour, there is much in their 
uniform and general appearance which is exceedingly line 
and imposing. The body consists of 100 men. They are 
carefully selected from among the non-commissioned officers 
of the other regiments in the service, not merely on accoun 
uf their height and personal appearance, but for then- steam* 
ness, intelligence, and good conduct. Appointed to k 
C ent Garde, the men who are so fortunate as to be select- • 
rank the same as lieutenants in the army, an 
receive the salutes due to other officers ol ie 
army. The commandant of the corps takes 1 ‘ an ‘ t . 
colonel, and the next officer below him that o 
lieutenant-colonel in the army. The undress urn 
form of the men is a light blue frock-coat reaching down to 
the knees, with gold siguelettes, crimson trowsers with goi- 
or lace stripes, a black leather belt and sword, and cock - 
hat. Most of the men are of fine figure ; few, if any, urn 11 
six feet in height, and their dress is faultless in its fit. *Y 11 
moudted, the men wear a light blue tunic with cninso 
facings, a cuirass, and bright silver-looking helmet, pr ' 
fusely decorated with gold, and carrying a kind of dou ' 
red and white feather. The epaulettes are gold, and 
gold mixed with crimson silk, the effect of which is remar 
ably fine. The breeches are white leather, and the boo * 
similar to those of the Horse Guards. The saddle-cloth^ 
crimson, richly embroidered in gold. The horses, like 
men, are a very select body, and are groomed by the s _ 
vauts of the men. As a crack body for parade, they are 
unequalled in appearance in any country, but they do n 
possess a sufficiently military air to inspire either awe 
confidence ; they merely excite feelings of admiration, 
the execrable manner in w hich seme of them ride pro d “ 
a painful sensation of fear lest the plimging of their ho * 
