1196 
THE FIELD. 
by the Board of Ordnance for small arms since January 1st, 
1853, and the particulars relative to siich contoactfl. In 
reply to a question from Mr. Labouchere, Sir W. Molesworth 
stited that the Vacant space near St Paul s belonged to the 
City Como^tion, who valued it at £60 000. It would be a 
Vandalism to cover it with buildings, but he, as 
0 - ,.f Works, had no power to prevent it. Lord J. 
•oply to Mr. Packe, said ho would bring on the 
fturch-rates immediately after Easter. In reply 
iton. Mr. S. Herbert stated the Government had 
services of the Sisters of Charity, and had selected 
< for the Crimea, with a view to the religious wants 
of the whole army, without seen. nan favouritism. Lord J. 
Ruseoll brought up a copy of the treaty with Austria, which 
was ordered to lie on the table ; and subsequently the noble 
lord, in a long and eloquent speech, proposed a vote of 
thanks to the :irmy in the Crimea. Mr. Disraeli seconded 
the vote, which Lord Hotham and Mr. Layard supported. 
Mr. Drummond, in supporting the voto, referred to the 
charge against Admiral Duudas, mentionod in a letter of Mr. 
Layaitl ; and the latter gentleman having explained his con- 
duct, Lord John Bussell defended Admiral Dundas, after 
which the vote of thanks was passed, and the House ad- 
journed. 
FOREIGN NEWS. 
FRANCE. 
The Monitnir of the 9th publishes the following Imperial 
decree: — “The clauses of our decrees of the 24th of 
February aud 26tli of April lost, prohibiting the exportation 
of arms, ammunition, and other articles of war, are extended 
to the transit of the same articles throughout the territory 
of the empire.” . 
The correspondent of the Daily Nans, writing from Pans 
on Tuesday night, says he is informed, from a good source, 
that a circular addressed by tho Prussian Government to the 
Prussian ambassadors at the different European courts, con- 
tains the following passages : — 
“In the delicate conjuncture in which Europe now finds 
herself, the German Powers have acted under the influence 
of & desire for peace. It is in the interest of Europe, and 
in order to attain an important end, that they have pressed 
the court of Russia to accept conditions which a year ago 
no one supposed for a moment that Russia could be brought 
to accept. The Emperor of Russia, yielding to the wishes 
ardently expressed by his ancient allies, has just shown a 
proof of the utmost moderation. The concessions which he 
makes go to the utmost limits compatible with his dignity. 
Should the monstrous pretensions put forth in certain 
organs be proposed in any conference, the German powers 
would not only not support, them, but the responsibility of 
an European conflict would fall upon tlie authors of these 
pretensions.” 
The Preste, however, gives news of a totally different 
complexion. According to a Berlin correspondent, writing 
on the 9th, M. de Manteuflfel, the Prussian Minister for 
Foreign Affairs, lias announced to the Prussian ambassador 
at Vieuuu, M. Arnirn, that the King of Prussia will speedily 
adhere to the treaty of December 2. The letter in the 
PrttKc mentions several rumours current in Berlin ; one to 
the effect that the French and English ambassadors told M. 
Buol— the Austrian Minister of Foreign Affairs — that if the 
treaty was not signed in twenty-four hours they would de- 
mand their passports. The minister was in consternation. 
He proposed the treaty to the “ chivalrous young Emperor," 
Francis Joseph, and met with an obstinate resistance, which 
Le only overcame by threatening to resign. 
Thu army in the East is to be reinforced by a 9tli 
division, formed of troops taken from Algeria, with the ex- 
ception of one regiment, the 49th, which belongs to the 
garrison of Toulouse. The division is to be commanded by 
General Brunet. 
Marshal de Castellane, who arrived in Paris a few days 
ago, has returned to Lyons, to resume tho command of the 
camp, which has lately been so strongly reinforced. 
SPAIN. 
Espartero and his colleagues resigned on the 2nd. The 
Queen, it is said, was surprised, and declined to receive the 
resignation, hut Espartero was firm aud insisted. Up to a 
late hour of the night the clubs and caftg were full, and 
there were groups in the street, eagerly discussing the event 
of the day. At Espartero's house there was a constant suc- 
cession of visitors up to half-past one o’clock in the morn- 
ing, to entreat him not to give up the reins of Government. 
Generals Concha, Zabela, O’Donnell, Prim, Dulce, aud many 
other officers of high rank and political personages of note, 
went to see him with this object. The next day the visits 
were renewed. Generals Serrano, Dulce, Salazar, aud a 
number of others had interviews with him. At one 
o'clock Lord Howden, the British Ambassador, had an inter- 
view with him, to prevail on him, for the sake of public tran- 
quillity. to continue to hold office. The news of the retire- 
ment of the Ministry caused much agitation, but no dis- 
turbances were apprehended. 
Under date of the 5th we learn that at a Council of 
Ministers Espartero was prevailed on to remain in office, an 
outbreak, if not a revolution, being anticipated if he per- 
sisted in resigning. His whole Ministry remain with him. 
The ultra Liberals are very dissatisfied at this ; they hoped 
to have got rid of all the m oderado portion of the Ministry. 
Both the Ministry and the Chamber have lost much prestige 
by this vacillation. Espartero, too, is personally blamed by 
his Progresista friends they say lie should have held firm. 
The great question now in Spain is one on which these 
threatened changes have hinged — the abolition of consumes 
aud purr las, taxes which press heavily on the poor. Several 
places (amongst them Saragossa) have for many months 
refused to pay these dues, and it is expected that now several 
other towns will follow the example. 
The Espana of the 6tli mentions a report that the Cabinet 
has resolved on suppressing the octroi duties from the 
1st January, aud on raising a loan to provide for the deficit 
the measure will occasion. 
In the Cortes, on the 6th, M. Lafuente read the draft of 
a reply proposed by a committee, in answer to a speech 
from the throne. It proposes a liberal constitution, the im- 
l-cuchment of ex ministers guilty of corruption, and the 
preservation of the throne of Isabella II. 
AUSTRIA. 
The Augsburg Gazette announces that the passage of the 
infantry division of the 6th corps d'armle was to commence 
on the 15th. They were to travel by railway, aud proceed 
to Cracow. The detachments of the 5th corps d'arnnSe, at 
Milan, and of the 7th, at Verona, were also directed towards 
the north of the mona rchy. 
PRUSSIA. 
The Prussian Court lias not yet formally acceded to the 
new treaty, but no doubts are entertained that it will do so 
nt the fitting moment. The augmentation of the army 
proceeds. An order has just been given to add 72 guns to 
the artillery. The liberal National Gazette was seized by the 
police on Saturday. 
Prussia and the Austrian Treaty.— A letter from 
Vienna, iu the Augsburg Gazette says " There lias arrived 
here, it is said, a note from the Prussian cabinet, in which it 
expresses its satisfaction at the treaty of December 2. It 
may, therefore, be hoped that Prussia will join the alliance 
of Austria and the Western Powers.” 
DENMARK. 
The new Ministry was forme l on the 12th. Bang is 
Premier, and bikes the department, of the interior ; Sclieel 
is Minister for Holstein ; Count Scheel-Plesseu (at present 
ambassador in Stockholm! has the department of l'oreigu 
A flairs ; Colonel Lutliclinn has the War Department ; 
Colonel And me, Finance : Professor Hall, Religion (cidtes ) ; 
Simony, Justice; Michelseu, Marine; the Minister for 
Schleswig is not yet appointed. Ministers held a Cabinet 
Council on the 13tli, the King presiding. A programme of 
the address to the Diet was discussed. 
GREECE. 
By letters from Athens of the 27th ult., we learn that the 
cholera, after a first invasion, followed by a marked decrease, 
has suddenly assumed a certain degree of intensity. No one 
was prepared for it. The alarm is general, aud the emi- 
gration immense. The villages of the neighbourhood are 
filled with a wandering population, and without shelter. 
The capital presents the most alHicting spectacle ; justice is 
suspended ; the employes of the different public offices were 
the first to fly. Provisions ore everywhere deficient, aud the 
butchers aud the bakers have closed their shops. The sani- 
tary condition of the French nud English troops is satisfactory, 
and our soldiers have been able to render great assistance to 
the sick. Their devoteduess is admirable, and the hospital men 
have spontaneously offered their services to assist the Greek 
troops. Several cures have taken place in consequence, nud 
it is to this that the garrison of Athens is indebted for not 
having suffered severely. Our Sisters of Charity have gone 
to the cholera hospital, and also go from house to house, to 
attend to the sick. Admiral de Tinan has placed a number 
of tents at the service of General Kalergi, who displays an 
activity worthy of the highest praise. 
INI HA AND CHINA. 
The Austrian Lloyd's steamer Calcutta arrived at Trieste 
on Thursday. The dates are Calcutta, Nov. S ; Madras, 
Nov. 12; Shanghai, Oct. 11 ; Amoy, Oct. 22 ; Hong Kong, 
Oct. 23 ; Canton, Uct. 27 ; Bombay, Nov. 14. Lord F. Fitz- 
clarence, Commauder-m-Chief at Bombay, is dead. An envoy 
from Kokau, and one from Dost Mohammed, have arrived iu 
Peshawur to apply for assistance from the British Government 
against the Russians. The Affghan chiefs have decided on an 
English, in preference to a Russo-Persian, alliance. Lord 
Eljffi instone is at Bombay, suffering from the effects of a 
sun-stroke. Trade in India dull, aud money scarce. Exchange 
at Calcutta, 1.1 lg. The price of opium has declined to R400, 
iu less than a year. The Governor-General, now at Calcutta, 
will leave for the Neilgheries in March. Trade iu China dull. 
Exchange at Canton, 4s. 8d., with few trifling purchases of 
teas. The patriot cause is gaining ground in the north of 
China. ' 
AMERICA. 
The Asia arrived at Liverpool on Sunday from New York, 
bringing advices to the 29th ult. According to the Herald, 
the tone of the President’s message will be rather quiet. 
The New York Tribune says that a naval demonstration 
against Dutch India is contemplated. The Governor of South 
Carolina, in his letter to the Legislature, suggests a modifica- 
tion of the laws relating to free persons of colour arriving at 
southern seaports. Great financial distress existed. The 
Feudal Tenure Abolition Bill had been read a third time in 
the Canadian Legislature. The Inspector-General's resolu- 
tions were adopted without important change, except as 
regards sugars. There was no abatement of the pressure in 
the New York money-market, and the business generally 
continued on a limited scale. 
The result of the deliberations of the bishops assembled 
at Rome to consider the Immaculate Conception is that 540 
bishops pronounced by acclamation for the Dew dogma, aud 
thirty-two voices questioned the appropriateness of such a 
discussion just now. 
The Jews and the PonTE. — The Presse of Vienna has the 
following from Jassy, of the 21st ult. : — The Porte has re- 
compensed the Jew’s of Moldavia for the loyalty which they 
have always shown. All the Jews whom the Russians had 
incorporated by force in the Moldavian militia have been 
liberated, and have had a part of their taxes remitted. 
The African Maids. — The Ethiope arrived at Plymouth 
on Wednesday with the usual monthly mails. The news is 
unimportant. She brings a large cargo of palm oil, ivory, 
camwood, Guinea grain, wax, gum, copal, cochineal, oranges, 
and 1,940 ounces of gold. The African coast was healthy. 
Peace continued at Lagos. The riot was all settled at 
Christenang, aud everything was quiet. The whole of the 
town had been blown down by the English steamers of war. 
COLONIAL NEWS. 
AUSTRALIA. 
The General Screw Steam Shipping Company’s steamship 
Croesus arrived at Southampton on Thursday, bringing the 
Australian mails, 34 passengers, 3,805 ounces of gold dust 
from Sydney, 42,406 ditto from Port Phillip, aud specie 
amounting to £99,500, besides a full cargo. The total 
amount of specie and gold dust is £284,000. She left 
Sydney on the 2nd of September. 
The Croesus on the 12th September broke one fan off the 
propeller, aud on the 3rd October lost the remaining one. 
The remaining portion of the screw was hove up aud 
unshipped. Experienced buffiiDg easterly winds between 
New Zealand and 126 degrees west. Rounded Cape Horn 
Oct. 19, under sail only ; aud did not get the new propeller 
until the 29th October, owing to the heavy sea aud rolling 
of the ship. 
The Croesus left Englaud on the 11th January last, aud 
has consequently been eleven mouths iu going round the 
world. She was detained several months iu Australia repair- 
ing damages which she met with on her outward passage 
The expense of the repairs amounted to about £6,000." 
Before she arrived out at Australia every berth in her was 
engaged for the homeward passage, but the length of her 
outward voyage frustrated these arrangements. Notwith- 
standing the delays she had met with, those who came home 
iu her speak highly of her sea-going qualities, of the skill 
of her commander, and of the comforts ou board. One of the 
passengers who arrived home iu her has been the whole 
voyage in the Croesus, aud has been delighted with his trip. 
Ou the outward voyage lectures were delivered, Sir Thomas 
Mitchell having been one of the lecturers, and dramatic re- 
presentations took place ou board. The gentleman who 
wont round the world iu the Croesus visited the chief places 
in New South Wales, Victoria, aud Van Diemen’s Laud 
while he stopped in Australia, and speaks iu the highest 
terms of the public spirit of the colonists. Melbourne will 
shortly be supplied with water by works twenty miles long. 
The Cape Horn route.it appears, will not pay for steamers 
aud the route to Australia performed by the ships which sail 
on the great circle principle has been found to inflict great 
hardships ou emigrants on account of the cold and danger 
to which it exposes them. 
A gentleman left Australia for the United States before 
the Croesus sailed to arrange for a steam-packet communica- 
tion between Panama and Australia, and the Australians 
have resolved to give all their support to an American steam- 
packet line. 
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. 
News from the Capo of Good Hope to the 21st of October, 
is unsatisfactory, as disturbances, aud serious ones too, ap- 
pear to be agaiu threatening that colony, if we are to believe 
the statements iu the Cape Tou n Mail. From that journal 
it appears that both iu the Council nud the Assembly the 
present state of the frontier is dangerously unsettled. “ The 
frontier," it continues, “ is but another word for the colony, 
and the meaning of the soft word ‘ unsatisfactory' is that 
the colony is iu danger from the tribes beyond it, ou whose 
territory Government has made extensive encroachments. 
We have driven back those tribes ou one another. We have 
seized the lands of those who ventured to light, like Saudilli ; 
and we have appropriated the lauds of those who yielded 
them for the sake of peace, like Moshesh. We have violated 
treaties with faithful allies, like Adam Kok. We have 
broken promises with those who stood by us iu the 
hour of danger, as with the Bushmen aud Fingoes. 
The Kaffirs, it is known, are only kept down by 
the strong hand. The lands taken from them were con- 
quered. Be it so, but don't forget that what is taken by 
force may be resumed by force. It would be foolish in the 
Kaffirs to attempt this. But Kaffirs do foolish things some- 
times. . . . Such is the degraded aud dangerous position 
into which irresponsible rulers have dragged this colony. 
With every tribe justly hostile iu their hearts — without a 
friend, without an ally — wliat provision has been made with- 
in to meet the impending storm ? None whatever. At the 
most critical moment — a war of some years just ended— 
hostile tribes forced into a corner where they cannot live — 
friends insulted — allies abandoned — the colonv unorganised, 
we are left with an ‘ intermediate government,' to keep thing* 
quiet, we suppose, until somebody’ whom we never heard of, 
aud who knows us only’ on the map, shall come to take the 
reins of Government into his single hand. The colonists are 
as much injured, wr onged, abandoned to pillage as the native 
tribes, aud as free from blame.” 
NEWS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. 
Representation of Marylebone. — During the week 
meetings have been held to hear the views of gentlemen 
desirous of filling the vacant seat. The candidates were Mr. 
Jacob Bell, in the Liberal interest; Sir C. Napier, Radical ; 
and Viscount Ebringtou, Liberal Conservative. Ou Thurs- 
day, however, it was understood that the only candidates were 
Viscount Ebringtou and Mr. Bell. The nomination takes 
place ou Monday. 
St. James’s-p.vrk. — On Wednesday workmen were engaged 
iu making improvements adjoining Buckingham Palace. 
The old gates leading from Birdcage-walk into Pimlico have 
been removed, aud a new entrance to the park is being com- 
pleted. The new gates will be thrown back a considerable 
distance, to form a large area for the entrance of carriages 
passing from the Palace to Belgravia aud the west end. The 
new buildings at the eastern extremity of Pimlico, aud im- 
mediately at the rear of the royal residence, are in a state of 
forwardness, aud in a few weeks that important thoroughfare 
will be completed. 
Health of London during the Week. — The weekly 
return continues to exhibit a rather high rate of mortality, 
the number of deaths registered in Loudon lust week having 
been 1,331. Iu the ten corresponding weeks of the year.' 
1844- 53 the average number was 1,243. When this i- 
raised in proportion to the increase of population it becomes 
1,367, a result which represents a high mortality, principally 
because the facts embrace the epidemic period of 1847, when 
influenza prevailed. Compared with the estimated amount 
the return of last week shows only a small deci’ease. That 
class which suffered most appeal’s to have been the young— 
656 deaths, or nearly half, having occurred to children under 
15 years of age. Of these children 98 were carried off by 
scarlatina, aud 103 by pneumonia, the effect to some extent 
of recent lowness of the temperature. Small-pox is also 
making progress, and was fatal in the week to 19 children 
aud 11 adults. 328 deaths were caused by diseases of 
the zymotic class, and 303 by affections of the respirat ory 
organs, exclusive of 131 by phthisis. Last week the birth- 
of 777 boys, aud 769 girls, iu all 1,546 children, were regis- 
tered. In the nine corresponding weeks of the year* 
1845- 53 the average was 1,454. 
London-bridge. — The Londou-bridge Committee have 
come to a resolution, to recommend to the Court of Common 
Council to widen London-bridge, by extending the footway 
on each side over the river, and throwing the present foot- 
paths into the carriage-way. A beautiful model of the pro- 
jected alteration was exhibited by Mr.Bunning, the City 
architect. As a considerable time will be occupied in carry m-, 
out the change, the committee came to a determination to 
try, iu the meantime, the experiment of confining the heavy 
traffic each way in one line, and leaving the whole of tli*' 
centre open for quick traffic. Notice-boards will be placet 
at each end of the bridge, giving notice — “ That, after •' 
given day, all heavy, slow-going carriages will be required to 
keep close to the curb, and only such carriages as go at :l 
trotting pace will he allowed to occupy the centre of the 
