AUKS. 
227 
In succession to this form, we would place what 
may be termed the True Auks, expert sea birds, 
penguin-like in form, the wings proportionally 
shorter and less developed than in the preceding 
birds, but they breed in the same manner, and have 
the same seasonal changes with them. 
Genus Alca. — Linnaeus. — Generic characters . — 
Bill short, deep, compressed, cultrated, surface 
transversely sulcated ; tip of the maxilla arched, 
hooked; nostrils linear, lateral, placed near 
the gape, (head narrow in front, prolonged) ; 
wings short, narrow, first quill longest ; legs 
placed behind, tibia within the integuments ; 
tarsi short ; feet small, hallux wanting. 
Types. — A. impennis, torda . — Northern Europe 
and America. 
Note . — Principally gregarious ; breed on ledges of 
rocks ; flight imperfect. 
