BROWN LONGBEAK. 
189 
as far north as the fur countries, even to the Arctic 
Sea,* during the season of incubation; has been 
killed six or seven times in this country, and was 
first noticed, as a distinct species, by the indefati- 
gable Montague. These have occurred chiefly in 
the south, and no instances have been noticed of 
its being met with either in Scotland or Ireland, 
the most northern range recorded, being that of a 
specimen killed near Carlisle, in the possession of 
Mr. Heysham.t In Northern Europe^ it seems to be 
likewise uncommon, occurring only as a straggler. 
The entire length of the bird will be about ten 
or ten and a-half inches, of which the bill measures 
from two and a-quarter to two and three-eights, 
and in the whole form and appearance, it is not 
unlike the Knot ( Tr'vja canutus), to be afterwards 
described. The plumage also has a good deal of 
the character of that bird, in the summer state being 
above broadly marked with black, cut into by nar- 
row waves of brownish-yellow ; the rump and tail- 
coverts are white, the tip of each feather marked 
with a crescent-formed spot of black on the tip, and 
barred diagonally with the same colour ; the tail is 
also white, slightly tinted with rufous, and with all 
the feathers barred with black ; beneath, the throat, 
neck, breast, and flanks, are orange-brown, each 
feather tipped and barred with black, these colours 
gradually disappear downwards, and the centre of 
the belly, with the vent, are pure white. In the 
winter, the plumage is of a greyish-brown on the 
Mr. Richardson. + Yarrell. $ Nilson. 
