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TURNSTONE. 
and a shrill peculiar whistle is uttered during it, or 
when suddenly startled, which easily betrays its pre- 
sence if associated with the sandpipers or dotterels. 
We have frequently shot the young and adult states 
of the bird on the shores of the Solway, and on the 
Isle of May and other rocky islands in the Frith of 
Forth. In August, the plumage of the old birds has 
lost its brilliancy; but, towards spring, we have 
met with them in great beauty and richness; and 
we believe they are frequently brought in this state 
to the poulterers in London. No authentic account 
of its breeding in our islands has been given, but 
Dr. Fleming states, “ From having seen this species 
at all seasons in Zetland, I conclude that it breeds 
there.”* Mr. Ilewitson discovered it breeding on 
rocky islets on the coast of Norway ; the nest “ was 
placed against a ledge of the rock, and consisted of 
nothing more than the dropping leaves of the juni- 
per bush ; under a creeping branch of which, the 
eggs, four in number, were snugly concealed, and 
admirably sheltered from the many storms by which 
these bleak and exposed rocks are visited, allowing 
just sufficient room for the bird to cover them. We 
afterwards found several more nests with little dif- 
ficulty, although requiring a very close search.” 
The extra European range is very extensive ; — 
breeding in Northern Europe, as we have seen from 
the preceding extract from ITewitson’s Beautiful 
Oology, it incubates also within and around the 
Arctic Circle ;f has been met with in the Straits of 
* British Animals, p. 111. t Dr. Richardson. 
