262 
TURNSTONE. 
mass ; the wings are dark brownish -black, the 
secondaries with a broad white tip forming a bar 
across the wing, the base of the outer webs of 
the last quills are also white, showing a triangular 
spot adjoining to the bar ; the shafts of the quills 
are broad, and are light coloured in the centre, 
darker at the base, losing themselves in the same 
colour as the feathers towards the tip ; the tail 
is tipped with white, is then crossed by a broad 
dark band, and is again white at the base, the latter 
colour being greater in extent as the feathers reach 
the outside, and on the last the bar is not more than 
half an inch in breadth ; the upper tail-coverts lie 
over the tail, so as to conceal the whole of the basal 
white, and make it appear entirely dark with a 
white tip ; the feet and legs are bright orpiment 
orange. 
In the young of the year the upper parts, with 
the exception of the lower part of the back, rump, 
and upper tail-coverts, are dark hair-brown, the 
tips and edges of the feathers paler, tinged with 
yellowish ; below, all the dark parts of the neck and 
breast are similarly coloured, and the quills and 
tail are of a browner shade ; the legs dull yellow. 
Among the small parties which are met with, how- 
ever, birds of hitermediate shade occur, and may 
be seen with every gradation of change, from the 
adult to the less marked state of the young. 
