280 
CHARADRIADJE. 
est, sometimes narrowed or emarginated at 
the tip ; the carpal joint spurred or tuber- 
culated ; legs of varied length ; tibia; more or 
less naked ; toes before shortly connected by 
a membrane; hallux, when present, articu- 
lated on the tarsus. 
Types, V. cristatus, Goensis, &c. Europe, Asia, 
Africa. 
Note . — Breed inland; are very clamorous when 
the breeding-ground is approached; grega- 
rious and partially maritime during winter ; 
undergo a seasonal change. 
