1 25 
one-half to seven-eighths Angus blood, a rigid selection has been made eacli 
year, retaining in the herd only those animals thai approach nearest the type 
we want. From the half-blood calves 98 per cent are hornless and ( .>."> per 
cent solid black. The foundation berd of Dative cows were nil colors, and all 
except four had horns. The form and feeding quality of the calves has been 
much improved and their market value increased. Our grade Angus calves will 
sell readily for one-third more than the native calves of same age. Our calves 
are larger .it same age and many of them look like pure-bred Angus. Our grade 
steers of 2 and ."> years old will bring from one-half to 1 per cenl more per pound 
on foot than native steers or same age and size. We are this year establishing 
some work with Shorthorn hulls on native cows. 
"We have not as yet gone far enough into the feeding or finishing of these 
grade steers to be able to make a report of that side of the work. We have in 
progress comparative feeding of native and grade steers, and this work will 
continue for some time yet. We have graded up a hunch of sheep by using 
Dorset bucks <>n native ewes. The native ewes give an average clip of 2.9 
pounds of wool, and only about 5 per cent dropped twin lambs. Our flock now 
averages .*» pounds of wool, and BO per cent brought twin lambs last season. 
" I hope you may be able to form some idea of our work from this brief 
statement. Our fanners are taking great interest in better cattle, especially 
beef cattle. Our station inoculated over 300 registered cattle for farmers last 
season." 
By Prof. J. H. Skinner, of Indiana: "At present we are conducting some 
experiments in swine breeding. As you are aware, there has been much dis 
CUSSion as to the use of bacon hogs, especially to bring in renewed vitality and 
increase of prolificacy of other breeds. We have undertaken to investigate the 
matter of crossing Poland Chinas on Yorkshires, selecting the females which 
have a tendency toward bacon type from each generation and using pure-bred. 
Poland China males to mate with these sows. The work has been in progress 
two years. We are not in position, however, to make any statements in 
regard to results, as I believe such experiments should be carefully worked 
out and sufficient data secured before drawing any conclusions." 
By Prof. R. S. Shaw, of Michigan: "At present we have the necessary facili- 
ties about complete for launching out on an extensive line of breeding in which 
the grade dairy cow is to be the subject used. One of our men is at present 
in the field purchasing 20 high-grade Shorthorn cows. These are to be brought 
to the institution and a record made regarding the age, weight, form, quality', 
etc., of each individual, each record to be accompanied by a photograph. The 
cows will then be divided into 4 uniform lots. The females of lot 1 and their 
female offspring will be bred to a continuous line of Holstein bulls; lot 2 to 
Jersey bulls ; lot 3 to Guernsey bulls, and lot 4 to dual purpose Shorthorn 
bulls. The idea is to keep a record of each generation of females as dairy 
producers and to determine the veal or baby beef values of the male offspring. 
The primary object of this work will be to demonstrate the possibilities of 
improving common-grade stock through upgrading. The secondary object will 
be to demonstrate what good feeding, care, and management will do to increase 
the productiveness of the original stocks chosen. The indiscriminate admix- 
tures of blood in breeding dairy cows has led to this line of work. 
"One year ago we started some investigations in breeding in relation to size 
in dairy cows. For example, in purchasing Ayrshire cows we found it almost 
impossible to secure cows possessed of the size which the breed manifested 
ten to fifteen years ago. Two Ayrshire cows were purchased which at thirty- 
seven months of age had produced two calves each ; neither cow weighing to 
exceed 700 pounds. A lifetime record of these two cows, in addition to several 
of other breeds, is to be kept. It is the intention to so breed and handle the 
female offspring as to produce larger individuals conforming more nearly to 
the original type, and then secure, as far as possible, comparative data relative 
to the two types. 
" We have no definite plans as yet relative to breeding problems among beef 
cattle. Our swine department is being adjusted as rapidly as possible so as to 
enable us to begin original investigation work in swine breeding. Up to the 
present we have simply produced several crosses in order to study more care- 
fully those types occupying a place midway between extreme lard and bacon 
types. During the past two years sheep and swine feeding investigations have 
been conducted here quite extensively." 
By Prof. C. S. Plumb, of Ohio: " It seems to me some experiments might be 
conducted systematically, dealing with telegouy, cross breeding, in-and-in 
