OF INSECTS. 
2 95 
gists, was established by Kirby for the reception of 
the Linnean genus Phryganea, previously associated 
with the Neuroptera, but to which its characters by 
no means conform. Instead of being reticulated, 
the neuratiou of the wings is simply branching, the 
nervures disposed in a manner bearing some resem- 
blance to that observed among the Lepidoptera. 
The upper pair are mostly hairy, (hence the name 
from hair,) the under pair ample and 
folded. The organs of the mouth are in a great 
measure obsolete, the mandibles being either entirely 
wanting or very imperfect. Such is likewise the 
case with the maxillae and labium, but the palpi 
are developed. The abdomen is never furnished 
with terminal setae, and the tibiae of many are 
armed with two pair of spurs, as in many kinds of 
moths. 
The larvae are aquatic, and construct a kind of 
case to reside in, from which circumstance they are 
often called case-worms. These cases are formed 
of various materials, and often present a singular 
appearance by being stuck over with small shells, 
pebbles, &c. The pupa is incomplete, and is en- 
closed in the case constructed by the larva, a grating 
being formed at the end, apparently for the purpose 
of facilitating respiration. The perfect insects are 
usually termed caddice-flies , and are frequently used, 
as well as the larvse, by anglers as a bait for fish. 
They fly heavily, and commonly settle on bushes 
near the water’s edge. Most of them are of a brown 
colour, with little variety of markings. Probably 
