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PURPLE EMPEROR. 
ditional white spots towards the outer extremity 
of the upper wings. In both sexes there are four 
macular patches of white on the upper wings, the 
two outermost consisting of two small spots each, 
the two innermost more continuous, but somewhat 
curved and interrupted at the nervures. The largest 
of these patches is placed in a line with a bar of 
white, which traverses the under wings in an oblique 
direction, emitting a salient angle near the middle of 
its outer edge. Midway between this band and a 
pale tawny streak which circumscribes the wings not 
far from the margin, there is a round black spot sur- 
rounded by a ring of ochre-red : a streak of the lat- 
ter colour is also observable at the anal angle, and on 
the extremity of the adjoining nervure. On the under 
side, the upper wings are rust-brown, inclining to 
black in the middle, with a large ocellus towards the 
hinder angle, and two black spots not far from the 
base, in addition to the white marks corresponding 
to those on the upper side ; the under wings have 
the transverse white band rather broader than above, 
and the ocellus appears smaller ; the base arid hinder 
portion are greyish, with something of a pearly lustre, 
and a faint undulating brown line runs along the 
margin. The body is black above, the under side 
and legs greyish-white. 
Both the caterpillar and chrysalis are pale green ; 
the horns of the former reddish at the tip, and hav- 
ing a yellow stripe down the outer side. It feeds 
on the common sallow and oak. 
