I OUT I! Y0L0G1CA L MISCELLANEA. 
23 
bibliographical work will have to be done by ichthyologists and their associates 
generally before finality will be reached concerning the logotypes of some of the 
earlier genera of fishes. 
The case of Synanceja illustrates the difficulty which may be met with 
when trying to trace the earliest genotype selection. This name was originally 
proposed by Bloch & Schneider for the following species with “ Corpus nudum, 
caput magnum, cavernosum” : — 
1. horrida, p. 194. Ex Scorpcena horrida Linne. Bengal & Japan. 
2. uranoscopa, p. 195. New species. Tranquebar. 
3. verrucosa, p. 195. New species, figured on pi. 45. India. 
4. didaetyla, p. 195. Ex Scorpcena didactyla Pallas. Indian Sea. 
5. rubicunda, p. 196. Ex Trigla rubicunda Hornstedt. Amboina. 
6. papillosus, p. 196. Ex Scorpcena cottoides Forster MS. New Zealand. 
and “species non definiend*” p. 197. Ex Gron. Mus. 1, 46, n. 103; Zoophyl. 
p. 87, n. 290 [apparently Scorpcena scrofa Linne, 1758.] 
One of these species must, of course, be the genotype, and as there is 
no tautotype it becomes necessary to search masses of ichthyological literature 
to discover who first formally named a logotype. Tire most fruitful sources of 
type-designations failed in this case : the French Dictionaries of Natural 
History and all the available works of Cuvier, Bleeker, and Kaup. Bleeker 67 
regarded Synanceia, founded on S. horrida, and Synancidium, founded on S. 
verrucosa, as synonymous but designated no types for them. Gill 08 gave a 
masterly exposition of the taxonomic tangles surrounding Synanceja but he 
also named no genotype for it. A little earlier, Jordan and Starks 09 had 
approached the same problem from another angle, but their passing reference 
to the genus in question, “ Synanceia (horrida) — Synancidium = Bufichthya,” 
cannot, in my opinion, be construed as a type-designation. 
.The first selection of the logotype of Synanceja was apparently made by 
Jordan, 70 who chose Scorpcena horrida Linne, “ by common consent.” He 
later 71 regarded S. verrucosa Bloch & Schneider as the type of Synanceja “ as 
first restricted by Midler, 1843,” but Muller made no tvpe-designation. On 
the same page, Jordan stated “ S. horrida is type of Synancidium Muller,” 
and, as this is the first logotype-designation for Muller’s genus which I have 
been able to discover, Synancidium becomes an absolute synonym of . Synanceja ; 
Jordan also came to that conclusion on p. 216 of the work cited. 
T regard Synanchia Swainson as a mis-spelling of Synanceja, and follow 
Bibron 72 in considering it a synonym of Synanceja. Another mis-spelling, or 
67 Bleeker, Natuurk. Verlmnd. Holl. Maatsch. Wetensch. (3) ii, 3, 1874. 
68 Gill, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mug. xxviii, 1905, pp. 221-224. 
69 Jordan & Starks, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxvii, 1904, p. 156. 
70 Jordan, Gen. Fish, i, 1917, p. 58. 
71 Jordan, Gen. Fish, ii, 1919, p. 169. 
72 Bibron, Diet. d’Hist, Nat. xii, 1861, p. 125. 
