ACCOMPANYING BASIC SUBSTITUTIONS. 
25 
Salts of Soda. 
Salt. 
Weight. 
Found. 
NaO . NO, 
21-4 
+ 6-14 
NaO . NO, 
21*4 
+ 0-13 
NaO . SO 3 .10HO 
40-3 
+ 0-06 
NaO . SO 3 .IOHO 
40*3 
+ 0-07 
Na Cl 
14-6 
+ 0-04 
Na Cl 
14-6 
+ 0-05 
NaO . COj . IOHO 
35-8 
+ 0-07 
NaO . CO* .IOHO 
35-8 
+ 0-05 
Salts of Ammonia. 
Salt. 
Weight. 
Found. 
Ref. to liquid. 
Ref. to water. 
AdH 2 O . S0 3 . HO 
18-74 
+ 6-70 
+ 0-75 
+ 0-73 
AdH 2 O . NO, 
19-98 
+ 0-69 
+ 0-74 
+ 0-72 
AdH 2 . Cl 
13-33 
+ 0-70 
+ 0-75 
+ 0-73 
AdH a O . Co 0 3 . HO 
17-72 
+ 0-70 
+ 0-75 
+ 0-73 
AdH 2 O . C 4 H 2 0,.HO 
25-24 
+ 0-69 
+ 0-74 
+ 0-72 
These experiments repeated with another thermometer gave the following results, 
all corrections being made : — sulphate, 0 o, 76 ; nitrate, 0°*77 ; muriate, 0 o- 76 ; oxalate, 
0 o- 75, and tartrate, 0°76. These numbers agree perfectly with one another, but their 
average is 0 o, 03 higher than the above. Before examining the thermal relations of 
these salts, it is necessary to ascertain that their solutions are quite neutral, as the 
slightest excess of acid would altogether derange the results. 
I attempted to prepare a solution of the hydrocyanate of ammonia, by mixing 
together solutions containing an equivalent of hydrocyanic acid and an equivalent of 
ammonia. On decomposing this liquid by potash, an elevation of temperature oc- 
curred in different trials of 0°‘87 and 0°‘90, which approximates to the preceding 
results. The anomalies presented by the hydrocyanic acid in combining with the 
alkalies render this fact of some importance. 
The so-called neutral phosphate and arseniate of ammonia are salts anomalous in 
composition, and on theoretical grounds ought to differ in thermal properties from 
the other ammoniacal salts. If a second equivalent of ammonia (in dilute solution) 
be added to a solution of the ordinary neutral salts of ammonia, no change of tempe- 
rature occurs ; but the same addition to the neutral phosphate produced an elevation 
of temperature of 0°*1 8. The latter salt, however, loses a part of its ammonia during 
evaporation with so much facility, preserving always its alkaline reaction, that I am 
not sure whether this is a property of the salt when of normal composition, or arose 
from its having lost a portion of its base before solution. When the same salt was 
decomposed by potash, the results were not uniform ; in one experiment the heat 
amounted to 0 o, 98 ; in another, made with the same salt, after exposure for a very 
short time to a warm dry atmosphere, the heat was 1°*60; and in a third, performed 
MDCCCXLIV. E 
