290 
MR. NEWPORT ON THE REPRODUCTION OF LOST FARTS 
the remaining specimens of the same brood had also entered the pupa state, leaving 
only five out of the twelve individuals first operated on, which had not then entered 
the last state of larvae, still surviving the operation. By the 9th of June, the seven- 
teenth day after the operation, these also had changed to chrysalids. It was thus 
evident that a removal of the limbs does not necessarily prevent the insect from un- 
dergoing its natural transformations. 
During the growth of these specimens there were several circumstances that ap- 
peared well worthy of notice. It soon became evident that even in those instances 
in which the insects survived the operation their development was considerably re- 
tarded by it. This was shown by comparing the length of time that elapsed in their 
different states, with that required by other specimens of the same age, that had not 
undergone any operation before they changed to chrysalids, — the circumstances, in 
regard to age, quantity and quality of food, temperature, and locality in which they 
were placed, being in all exactly the same. In every instance the uninjured specimens 
prepared themselves for transformation very much earlier than those experimented 
on ; and they also passed much quicker into the state of pupae. Thus, while uninjured 
specimens, which had not cast their last larva skin, all underwent their changes on the 
29th and morning of the 30th of May, those of the same age that had been first sub- 
jected to experiment did not undergo a corresponding change of skin until late on 
the 31st. Precisely the same thing occurred with the more matured larvse, all of 
which were retarded in their change to the pupa state beyond the time at which 
others of the same age entered it. 
It was thus evident that although mutilations do not necessarily prevent, they 
certainly arrest the natural period of change, both as regards that of the larva, and 
also its passing into the pupa state. 
I have already stated that at the commencement of the eighth day from the opera- 
tion, May 31st, only five specimens remained out of the twelve of the younger indi- 
viduals first operated on. At this time they entered their last skin as larvse. The 
condition of these specimens after casting their skins was exceedingly interesting. 
One of them had had the whole of the three legs on the left side of the body either 
partially or entirely removed. This individual changed its skin during the time I 
was watching it. No haemorrhage whatever occurred from either of the injured 
limbs, the wounds in which had become completely healed. But no new legs had 
yet been formed, although there were indications that new parts might perhaps make 
their appearance at the next change, as the basal joint of each leg had become slightly 
elongated. In a second specimen the intermediate leg on the left side had been re- 
moved almost close to the body, and the remains of the basal joint in this also was 
slightly enlarged. In a third instance the intermediate leg on the left side had been 
cut off quite close to the body, and yet the larva had undergone its change without 
any haemorrhage ; the wound was completely healed, but there was scarcely any de- 
velopment of the injured surface. In the fourth example also the first and second 
