MEMOIR OF LAMARCK. 
41 
species were designed to retain the individuality of 
character with which they were endowed at the 
time of their creation, and that they have a real 
existence in nature*. 
The intellectual faculties of animals, Lamarck 
regards as entirely the result of organization. Even 
in the case of the most perfect of them, the human 
species, there is no distinct recognition of a spiritual 
substance derived from heaven ; and all intellectual 
phenomena whatever, are ascribed to some physi- 
cal cause. Nature, he conceives, offers nothing 
cognizable by us but body ; the movements, changes, 
and properties of bodies , form the only field open to 
our observation, and the only source of real know- 
ledge and useful truthst. The place of the soul 
seems to be usurped by a certain interior sentiment , 
to which he continually refers, as exercising a most 
powerful influence over all the faculties, and giving 
rise to all the passions and affections J. Thus the 
noblest faculties of the mind, “ the capability and 
godlike reason,” by which we are distinguished 
from other animals, 
and this spirit, 
This all-pervading, this all-conscious soul, 
This particle of energy divine. 
Which travels nature, flies from star to star. 
And visits gods, and emulates their powers ; 
* This subject will he found to he discussed at considerable 
length, and in a very satisfactory manner, in the second volume 
of Mr. Lyell’s Principles of Geology, p. 1 — 65. 
f A nimaux sans Vertebras, i. p. 260. 
i Ibid. 258, A 7 ", Diet . d' llist. Nat. xvi. Art. Intelligence. 
