THE CAINOZOIC CIDARIDAE OP AUSTRALIA. 
rarely a spinule (0.5 mm. in length). The longest spine bears 
seven dull purplish-brown colour-bands (1 mm. wide) encircling 
the shaft at intervals of 2 mm. ; on one side of the shaft the 
colour is less pronounced. The shaft is slender, circular in 
section and tapering ; it bears fine striae which cross the ring. 
Although there is a suggestion of affinity with Goniocidaris 
prunispinosa, we are unable to determine to which species these 
spines belong. 
Measurements. — Longest spine, apex missing, Wongulla, Murray River, 
lower beds : length, 27 mm. ; average length about 21 mm. 
Localities. — South Australia — Morgan, lower beds, and from Wongulla to 
Mannum, River Murray, lower beds. Aldinga, lower beds. Figured spines in 
(C.) ; all others in (“C.”). 
Range. — Upper Oligocene to Miocene. 
Synopsis of Material. 
In order to indicate relative abundance of different species 
we have made an approximate count of specimens examined 
by us. The amount of collected material is partly governed, 
of course, by the accessibility of the richer localities to collectors. 
Tests 
Fragments 
Spines 
Stereocidaris anstraliae 
3 
99 
534 
Phyllacanthus duncani 
— 
174 
615 
Prionocidaris scoparia . . 
1 
22 
114 
Goniocidaris prunispinosa 
1 
26 
468 
G. pentaspinosa 
— 
10 
115 
G. murrayensis . . 
1 
22 
— 
G. mortenseni 
— 
26 
160 
Chondrocidaris clarkii . . 
2 
5 
30 
Smooth spines, incertae sedis . . 
— 
— 
60 
Club-shaped spines, incertae sedis 
— 
985 
Key to Abbreviations of Names of Collections. 
Collections in the National Museum : — 
N.M.=National Museum general collection. D.=Dennant Coll. S.=Sweet 
Coll. M.=Mulder Coll. W.=Wilkinson Coll. (Geol. Surv. Viet.). C.=Cudmore 
Coll. F.C.=Chapman Coll. H.=HallColl. 
Other collections (all distinguished by inverted commas) : — 
"C.”=Cudmore Coll. “C.P.C.”=Commonwealth Palaeontological Coll. 
“F.C.”=Chapman Coll. “F.A.S.”=Singleton Coll.. “G.C.”=Rev. G. Cox Coll. 
“H.”=Hall Coll, (the part in Cudmore Coll.). 
[, 143 ] 
