BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 
57 
funds, a total of 25 demonstrations were presented before 532 school and adult 
groups in 135 counties. Frequent use was made of local newspapers in commu- 
nities where held work was conducted. 
Table 17 summarizes results of informational work (by States) during t lie 
period July 1, 1928, to June 30, 1936. 
Table 17. — Summary of results of informational work on barberry eradication, 
by States, July J, 1928, to June 30, IB \6 
Counties 
com- 
pleted » 
Demonstrations given 
Total 
attendance 
Total 
proper- 
ties re- 
ported 
State 
Grade 
schools 
All 
schools 
Schools 
and other 
organi- 
zations 
Total 
bushes 
reported 
Colorado... .. . 
Number 
15 
16 
6 
28 
5 
32 

18 
14 
17 
2 
18 
2 
3 
Number 
757 
2,348 
1,021 
3,659 
2,945 
3.802 

1,971 
2,116 
3,425 
419 
1,555 
286 
423 
Number 
907 
2,485 
1,699 
4,375 
3,319 
4,109 

2,067 
2,275 
3,727 
530 
1,723 
300 
471 
Number 
911 
2,540 
1,764 
4,493 
3,372 
4,620 
2 
2,075 
2,321 
3,749 
551 
1.802 
318 
482 
Number 
27, 705 
57, 562 
234,211 
472, 868 
594, 686 
179, 223 
825 
54,314 
51, 425 
89, 077 
23, 124 
78, 074 
7,527 
11,048 
Number 
34 
352 
159 
838 
773 
564 

36 
102 
27 
108 
41 
106 
9 
Number 
306 
Illinois. 
460 
Indiana 
795 
Iowa.. .. 
79,311 
Michigan 
7,101 
Minnesota 
3,425 
Missouri... . 

Montana ._ 
114 
Nebraska 
1,439 
North Dakota . 
222 
Ohio 
South Dakota. 
2,726 
114 
Wisconsin 
Wyoming 
276 
45 
Total 
176 
24,727 
27, 987 
29, 000 
1, 881, 669 
3,149 
96, 334 
i Number of counties in each State in which all schools have been reached with illustrated lectures per- 
taining to methods of reducing losses from stem rust. 
VALUE OF INCREASED ACTIVITY IN STEM RUST CONTROL 
The wide fluctuations from year to year in the yield and quality of small 
grains caused by the stem rust disease is generally recognized as one of the 
greatest hazards faced by farmers who rely largely upon the production of 
wheat, oats, barley, and rye for their cash income. In many localities through- 
out the control area the disease is a limiting factor in the profitable production 
of these crops. The V/i billion bushels of grain produced on an average on the 
50 million acres harvested each year in the 17 States participating in the 
control work had an average annual value of more than 750 million dollars. 
Naturally a plant disease which may seriously affect quality and may cut yields 
in half during the period of 2 or 3 weeks just prior to harvest is of major 
economic importance. Processors and consumers as well as farmers are affected 
by the severe economic losses experienced during those years when widespread 
destructive epidemics occur. 
It is estimated that the use of emergency funds during the past year has put 
the barberry eradication program from 8 to 10 years ahead of what it would 
have been if the increased field activity had not been authorized. The expanded 
program (1) has provided additional insurance to farmers against sudden 
reductions in yield and quality of grain crops caused by outbreaks of the stem 
rust disease and (2) has provided regular employment for an average of 2,265 
men during the 11-month period. 
TRUCK CROP AND GARDEN INSECT INVESTIGATIONS 
WIREWORMS 
In combating the various species of wireworms ih.n occur in injurious cum- 
bers in the irrigated sections of the West and in the Gulf region practical held 
work has indicated the relative efficiency of soil fumigation with naphthalene. 
flooding at a period when the soil temperatures are high, drying out the soil 
through the withholding of irrigation water, trapping of wireworm adults, 
