80 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGUCULTUBE, 1 
During the summer and fall work in the Southeast, 42,143 gallons <>f benzol 
;um! 40,800 of pine-tar oil were distributed without charge to insure the use of 
proper materials in treating Infested wounds. In some of the nnfenced areas 
where chutes ;m«i pens were aot available to aid in handling animals, materials 
were furnished free for the construction of corrals for community osei 
t<it;ii of 658 pens and chutes were made available on nnfenced rang* 
owners of small numbers of Livestock so thai they could round up their animals 
for examination and treatment. 
in the educational work the owners of livestock were advised as to the life 
histor] of screwworms, the proper methods of treating Infested animals, how 
to prevent cases of screwworms in injuries, and bow some good commons 
practices would prevent Injuries. The five principal types of wounds which 
made favorable places for screwworm attack were stressed. These include: 
(li Tick bites; '-> surgical operations, such a-> marking, branding, and cas- 
trating; (3) snags and scratches, such as result from hooking and goring; 
(4) the navels of newborn animals: and (•".( tiic injuries resulting from the 
use of dogs trained to catch and held animals or from fighting hogs. Com- 
munity action and neighborly cooperation were stressed for a high degn 
screwworm control. The recommended practices included having the young 
horn early in the spring before screwworms were active; doing surgical opera- 
tions, such as marking, castrating, and branding, when screwworms are not 
present; the tipping of pointed horns to eliminate scratching and 1 king; 
eliminating the use of dogs so as t<» prevent bites of animals; eliminating 
projecting timbers so that animals could not be bruised or injured: the > 
pine-tar oil on the ears of animals infested with Gulf coast ticks: the d 
pine-tar oil on branda, wounds, and injuries; the use of pincer-type emasculators 
On scrub males; and the use of better sires. 
Some of the more important results of the SCrewworm-COntrol program are: 
(l i Reduction of the number of eases from approximately 1350,000 in 1934 to 
actually 260,283 in 1935, (2) reduction of death losses of Infested animals from 
more than 12 oercenl in "1!>.">4 to 2.13 percent in 1935, (3) prevention of spread 
of screwworms to more northern localities. <4> the absence Of screwworms in 
southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana. (5) several changes in 
methods of handling livestock, such as controlled breeding, proper methods of 
castrating and dehorning, and closer observation of animals, and (0) the elim- 
ination of harmful mixtures and nostrums which are Injurious to wounds and 
which usually retail at exorbitant prices. The numbers of cases of screw- 
vvorms reported by weeks for the several states are given in table 21 and show 
clearly the reduction in numbers through the year. 
Table 21. — Reported cases of screwioornu in Southeastern >'/<//< 
Texas, fiscal year t9S6, by weeks 
ami castt rn 
W eek en-led— 
Alabama 
Florida 
Georgia 
Louisiana 
Slppl 
South 
Carolina 
Te\a5 
Total 
JulyO 
Number 
>: 
Its 
Number 
- 
1,821 
Xunibrr 
814 
251 
Xumbrr 
31 
io" 
28 
28 
Xumbrr 
610 
Xumber 
- 
July 13 
■ 

July 27 

A lit' 3 
357 
ne 
ng 
180 
LIS 
21, 17s 
ft, 7i hi 
c -:c 
2,214 
8,016 
3, 333 
1,784 
881 
278 
019 
120 
is 
13 
75 
47 
167 
8 
- 
• 
12, 140 
Aug 24 
18,288 
■ 
13,816 
Sept. 7 
187 
808 
;..;. s:-r 
1,870 
7(H 
189 
B 
5 
.1 
171 
162 
184 
784 
1,013 
411 
y.». v,; 
12,217 
Sepl 21 
10, 461 
1 
■ 
!.M..i 
7VMIX 
3, 100 
4 
1 


180 
818 
- 
I 
• 
i 
11,100 
i 
06.161 
51,417 
J, 1 
214 
- 
- 
