1934] 
SERVICE AND REGULATORY ANNOUNCEMENTS 
97 
devoured trees was plainly evident from a distance. By July 10 the foliage of 
many trees was completely skeletonized in the Shiloh section. Beetle activity 
reached its peak by the middle of July. The adults rapidly diminished m 
numbers after the first week in August. 
The wavelike manner in which the beetle theoretically builds up and dimin- 
ishes has not materialized in southern New Jersey. In this heavily infested 
agricultural are;;, sections that for years have been subject to intensive beetle 
damage are still bonding their maximum populations. For 3 consecutive years 
early ' maturing apples in certain orchards have been rendered unsalable by 
beet'e feeding. In the Philadelphia water-front district in 1933, the expected 
heavy flight of the adult did not occur, indicating that the insect was on the 
wane in the business section of the city. This summer the insect resumed its 
heavy flight in the wharf and market districts, contradicting previous conclu- 
sions that the population might have decreased permanently. This year's adult 
flight lasted for nearly 5 weeks, from July 11 to August 13. 
Beetle feeding in one b'.oek of 1.200 Yellow Transparent apples located in 
southern New Jersey was responsible for almost complete destruction of the 
crop. In 1933, 3,000 bushels were harvested from the orchard. This year but 
36 bushels could be picked. Other severe commercial damage was evident 
throughout the densely infested sections. 
Flotations of adult beetles in Delaware Bay, Raritan Bay, and the Atlantic 
Ocean were again observed, but not to the same extent as occurred last year. 
The flotation from New Jersey to the Delaware shore on Delaware Bay was 
most pronounced in mid-July. Beetles were washed up on the beaches of Long 
Island on August 10. 
Nursery and greenhouse scouting this season resulted in the finding of adult 
beetles on a larger number of theretofore uninfested premises than were deter- 
mined as infested in 1933. This season, infestations were found for the first 
time on 64 classified establishments, as compared with first-record finds on 33 
such premises the preceding summer. Beetles have been found on the premises 
of over 80 percent of the nearly 400 classified establishments in New Jersey. 
This condition is a result of natural spread of the insect and expansion of its 
area of continuous distribution by about 900 square miles. Among 2,326 nurs- 
eries and greenhouses now fu'filling the quarantine requirements for classifica- 
tion, 528 are infested and the owners are obliged to grow their stock under 
beetle-proof conditions, and either to free it from soil or fumigate it before 
shipping to noninfested territory. 
As in 1933, green beans were again shipped in large quantities to drought' 
stricken midwestern markets from the bean-growing sections in southern New 
Jersey, in Morrisville and Bustleton, Pa., surrounding Baltimore, Md., and on 
the Eastern Shores of Maryland and Virginia. All beans shipped under certifi- 
cation from these areas were run through cylindrical inspection machines to 
rid them of beetles. Thousands of beetles were thus prevented from moving to 
noninfested States. 
Evidence that adult beetles were flying into refrigerator cars while the cars 
were being loaded with certified beans, led to a temporary suspension of such 
shipments from Cedarville, N. J., from July 12 to 16. Shipping was resumed 
after beetle-proof enclosures had been constructed, under which inspected beans 
were loaded directly into refrigerator cars. Prior to loading, each car was 
searched for beetles, after which the side and ice bunker doors were kept closed, 
or adequately screened. 
From the knowledge gained as a result of the season's observations of acci- 
dental adult infestation of iced and uniced refrigerator cars loaded in the 
area of heavy flight, the Bureau is in a position at the first sign of such a 
flight next season to impose effective protective measures to prevent the en- 
trance of the flying beetles into cars destined to distant markets. 
The results of this season's trapping activities included additional catches 
in 5 cities in Maine; in 58 Maryland communities, both inside and outside the 
regulated zone ; in Detroit, Mich., where a few beetles have been trapped each 
year since 1932 ; in 9 New York cities ; in 6 localities in Ohio : at Erie, Pa., 
where an infestation w 7 as first determined in 1931 ; in 6 cities in Virginia ; and 
at 7 points in West Virginia. Traps set in Greenville. S. C, in an effort to pick 
up additional beetles at the site where 2 beetles were collected by hand, failed 
to catch any further specimens. Practically all of the few first-record infesta- 
tions found in these States consisted of a few beetles each. None of them 
clearly pointed to an established infestation. The remaining infestations were 
largely survivors of known incipient infestations which successive years' trap- 
pings have shown not to have built up. 
