~3.- 
melting at 91-5°. Nicotinic acid is formed by oxidizing dlchloroanabasine 
with a permanganate solution. Bromination of anabasine under the same con- 
ditions forms bromo-substituted compounds, melting at 105° and 135°» which 
are very hygroscopic and very unstable. At 80-100° they are decomposed by 
water with the separation of anabasine. The amount of bromine decreases con- 
siderably on prolonged keeping of the bromo-substituted compounds. The pic- 
rate of one bromo-substituted compound melts at 199-201 6 r and according to its 
bromine content it corresponds to a monobromoanabasine.— Bashkevich (20). 
OCCURRENCE OF ANABASINE AND NORNICOTINE 
The most important sources of anabasine are the tree tobacco, Nicotiana 
glauca , a native of Argentina and Uruguay, and the Russian shrub, Anabasis 
aphylla , which is related to the American tumbleweed. Although N. glauca 
is a native of South America, it is very much at home in Mexico and in the 
southwestern United States.— Higbee (27)« 
A review of information on anabasine discusses sources, chemistry, 
alkaloids of Anabas i e aphylla , physiological action, insecticidal proper- 
ties, and commercial forms used for pest control.— Holman (28, pp. 21-25). 
A comprehensive review on the alkaloids of tobacco includes nornicotine 
and anabasine. — Jackson (^1) . 
Anabasis 
The anabasine content of Anabasis aphylla was found to be inversely 
proportional to the degree of moisture. However, this relationship cannot 
be accepted as an absolute rule without further verifications. 
Kudryavtsev ( ^U ). 
Anabas i s aphylla contains anabasine, lupinine, aphyllidine, and 
aphylline. The preparation of salts and other derivatives is described. 
Anabasine, upon reacting with boiling 5-percent hydrochloric acid, under- 
goes ring opening.— Spath, Galinovsky, and Mayer (82). 
In a study of saline plants of Turkmania Anabas is aphylla was found 
to contain 2 percent (dry basis) of potassium nitrate. — Sabinin, Baslavskaya, 
Beloussova, and Schocklender (60). 
Dnboieia 
Analyses of samples of Duboisia hopwoodii -received from Australia 
showed nornicotine to be the only alkaloid present, as follows: Leaves 
3.31, leaves on twigs 1.92, twigs without leaves 0.95, and larger stems 
0.52 percent.— Bowen (10). 
Nicotiana 
From the steam-volatile fraction of extracts of cured tobacco leaves, 
volatile bases other than nicotine amounting to at least 6.5 percent of the 
total alkaloid content were obtained. The dipicrate of a base isolated 
from this nornicotine fraction decomposed at 179.5-180.5° C. (uncor.). 
This base reacted with nitrous acid and with benzoyl chloride in the man- 
ner described by Pictet and Rotschy (ref . 30 in E-56l) for nicotimine. 
Yickery and Pucher (85). 
The volatile and nonvolatile alkaloid contents of the following species 
of Nicotiana are given: acuminata , alata, chinensis, glauca, glutinosa, langs- 
