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The diffusion process of producing anabasine by the water- 
kerosene method is described* Proteins, which are especially 
harmful in the further treatment of the alkploids, ere decreased 
shnrply by the presence of sodium chloride. The maximum yield of the 
alkaloids was 98 percent* In the countercurrent-diffusion process 
the average period of extraction depends on the temper ature of the 
water; it could be reduced to 20 to 30 minutes.— Sokolov and 
Demonterik (79). 
A report on the production of anabasine sulfate from Anabasis 
aphyll a at Tohiakent, U.S.S.R., has been published.— Iljin tSOTT" 
COMPOSITION OF COMMERCIAL ANABASINE SULFATE MADE FROM ANABASIS 
Commercial anabasine sulfate solution is reported to contain 
21*52 peroent of anabasine, 7.62 percent of lupine, 10*45 percent 
of aphyllidine and aphylline, 18*19 peroent of total sulfates, 1.68 
peroent of free sulfuric acid, and 1*24 peroent of inorganic im- 
purities.— Dashkevioh (19). 
An improved method for the isolation of lupinine from commercial 
anabasine sulfate solution was devised* The crude alkaloid mixture 
was separated by the Orekhov method (ref* 98 in E-537) and distilled 
in vacuo . The low-boiling fraction 136-9 °"Tp = 12 mm.) consists of 
lupinine and anabasine. The mixture is dissolved in dry toluene and 
treated with metallic solium with stirring and heating. On oooling 
the sodium lupinate is filtered off, washed with dry toluene, and 
treated with water, the mixture is extracted with petroleum ether, 
and the «-rtraot dried and conoentrated to yield crystalline lupinine 
(97 percent recovery). The mother liquor after distillation yields 
anabasine* The use of petroleum ether for washing sodium lupinate 
also appears to give a better product than toluene. The best resuT- 1 -- 
were obtained when petroleum ether was used as the medium for th^ 
reaction with met* 1 Mo sodium*— Sadykov and Lazur'evakii (61). 
In 1935 it was reported that Russia produced 2,500 tons of 
insecticides (powders, soaps, and solutions) containing anabasine 
or anabasine sulfate*— Bocharova (8) • 
NALYTICAL METHODS 
A method for the micro chemical detection of anabasine in 
legal ohemioal investigations has been desoribed. Whan Dragen- 
dorf *s reagent is added to solutions of anabasine, oharaoteristio 
erystals are obtained which may be used for the micro ohemioal de- 
tection of the alkaloid in material from the cadaver. In this way 
as little as 1 microgram of anabasine in a drop of solution oan be 
detected. The anabasine is extracted from the organs by repeated 
digestion of the ground material with aloohol to which tartaric 
aoid has been added in amounts sufficient to give an acid reaction 
to litmus* The extract is oonoentrated in vacuum, the protein re- 
moved, the aloohol evaporated, and the material subjected to pre- 
liminary purification with ohloroform. The tartrate is then con- 
verted into the base by treatment with ammonia, and the base is ex- 
tracted with ohloroform. After removal of the chloroform the an- 
abasine oan be tested for directly, or after further purification 
of the solution.— Shvaikova (71). 
