-5- 
In order to gat the s«Bi«n in its natural position by artificial 
insemination, the valvefold lauat be pushed ventrally to permit the point 
of the syringe to pass into the median ovlduot* If the syringe enters 
only the mouth of the vagina, the semen presses the ralvefold against 
the median oviduct and is forced back etround the syringe and out into 
the sting chamber. The vagina is not easily distendable, but the ovi- 
duots expand to take oare of a large quaatity of ssaen* 
BQVvIPMEHT AHD CONSTRUCTION OP INSTRDMEHTS 
Microscope and Light 
The major equipment needed to perform the artifioial-lnsemination 
operation is Illustrated in figure 3, and the aenipulating apparatus with 
instruments in place is shoim in more detail from the side of the operator 
in figure 4« The binocular dissecting microscope should preferably be one 
provided vith a revolving nosepieoe or other mechanism making adjustment 
from low to high power easy* The low power should give a ma^ifloation of 
about 6 diameters, and the high power about 20 diameters* A single inter- 
mediate magnification can be used* 1'^en two powers are used, sperm is 
taken into the syringe imder low power azid injected under high power. ▲ 
still higher magnification will be fovmd useful in making and measuring 
instruments* An attached lamp that always illuminates the focal point 
of the microscope is a great convenience. 
Carbon Dioxide Equipment 
Carbon dioxide serves as an anesthetic* The equipment for its appli> 
cation is illustrated in figure 3. This gas is obtained in cylinders from 
wholesale grocers or similar supply houses. To reduce the high pressure 
in the cylinder, a regulator is provided which permits adjustment to a 
delivery pressure of 4 to 5 pounds per square inch. A needle valve permute 
adjustment of the flow of gas to a very fine stream. A rubber tube carries 
the gas to the queen holder by way of a three«-way stopcock, which permits 
diversion of the stream of gas while the queen is being mounted, without 
disturbing the needle'-^alve adjustment. Another line leads into a Jar, 
in which queens are given additional anes the ti cations to be described 
later. 
The Manipulating Apparatus 
The manipulating apparatus is a stand (fig* 4) on which the queen holder 
(QH ), the syringe {Sj , and holding hooks ( VH and STH ) are mounted in such a 
way that they oeja be adjusted or manipulated* It is essentially the same 
as the apparatus developed by Nolan (5^), with modifications which make more 
accurate adjustment possible* The stage ( ST ) is made of a piece of l/4-inch 
iron plate, 3 inches wide and 11 inches long, raised at each end by a piece 
of wood thick enough to permit the microscope base to slip under the stage* 
The weight of the stage gives stability to the apparatus. Two upright 
3/8»inch brass rods threaded at the bottom end are screwed into the stage 
at the points illustrated, and to these rods all other parts are attached. 
The rod at the left of the operator is 3 inches high and the one to the 
right 3 1/2 inches. These rods are 4 I/2 inches apart center to center. 
