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CEPHALANTHUS OCCIDENTALS L. Buttonbush. 
Extracts were not repellent to the Japanese beetle.— ^etzrer end 
Grant (277). 
CINCHONA OFFICINALIS L. Cinchona* Peruvian bark. 
CINCHONA PUBESCENS Vahl. 
Quinine end the other cinchona alkaloids are largely derived from 
these two species, which are more commonly called C. ledgeriana and C. 
succiruba . The cinchoma bases are quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, end 
cinchonidine. The cinchona alkaloids, their salts, or their derivatives 
are much used for mothproofing, which will not be fully discussed here. 
Cinchonine (l ounce to 1 pound of flour) applied to cotton plants 
did not injure large cotton worms, but the smaller ones were usually 
killed in about 24 hours.— Davis ( 114 ). 
Plants dipped in 300 cc. of water containing 5 gm. of quinine were 
fed to caterpillars, which were not appreciably affected.— Maxwell- 
Lefroy and Finlow ( 272 , pp. 278, 313). 
Powdered cinchona bark gave a fairly high mortality arainst fly 
larvae but it did not seem entirely efficient. — Cook and Hutchison 
( 103 , p. 4). 
Cinchonine tested on a piece of cloth against body lice killed 
only 30 percent of them within 120 hours, and 37 percent of the errs did 
not hatch. — T.'oore and Hirschfelder ( 285 , p. 50) . 
Hydrochloras chinini, hydro chlor as cinchonini, end sulfas chinini 
(each 10 percent in flour) had no effect on the caterpillars of Prodenia 
litura (F.). — DeBussy (76). 
Spray solutions of four alkaloids of cinchona were tested against 
the bean aphid. The minimum concentrations required to kill about 95 
percent of the aphids follow: Quinine hydrochloride greater than 1 gm.; 
cinchonine sulfate, cinchonidine sulfate, and quinidine sulfate each 
greater than 0.5 gm. per 100 cc. The concentration for nicotine sulfate 
was 0.009 gm. to 100 cc. — Richardson and Smith ( 322 ) . 
An aqueous spray containing 1 percent of quinine sulfate and 25 
percent of starch was markedly deterrent to larvae of the cabbece butter 
fly, but killed only 40 percent of them in 7 days.— Hargrepves ( 184 , 
p. 53). 
Of all the chemicals and mixtures studied for mothproofing clothes, 
only one group constantly passed all the tests. These substances were 
