the number of antenual joints. Later investigations, and particu- 
larly the discovery of two new closely allied genera which the writer 
has described in the Journal of the Linmean Society of London as Her- 
bert ia and Erotolepsia, have, however, convinced Mr. Ashmead, as he 
tells me in conversation, that Eunotus must properly be placed with the 
PireninaB. 1 
On the whole, not much attention has been paid to the insects of this 
subfamily in Europe. This is probably largely due to the fact that 
almost no attempt has been made to rear the parasites of Coccida'. It 
results, therefore, that the aphelinine fauna of the United States is bet- 
ter known than that of Europe. A number of species were reared in 
the Department of Agriculture by Professor Comstock when he was 
engaged upon his si inly of the scale insects of the United States in 1880, 
and it fell to the lot of the writer to describe the new forms. Since 
then others have been reared from time to time and described as indi- 
cated above. Mr. Ashmead has also described several forms. Fitch 
described one which he placed in fche genus Platygaster; Haldeman, as 
above slated, described two: Le Baron described one (placing it, by the 
way, in the proper genus), and the Abbe I'rovaneher lias described two, 
viz. Coccophagus brunneus and (\ pallipes. Unfortunately, however, 
C. brunneus is evidently a tetrastichine, while C, pallipes is a Sympiezis 
belonging to the subfamily Eulophinae. 
The Aphelinime are distinguished from their nearest allies, the 
Eupelminae and Encyrtina-. by the fact that the mesopleura are divided, 
the middle legs are not specially developed for saltatory purposes 
(although the insects jump well), and the first tarsal joint of the middle 
legs is not incrassate, the antennae are not more than eight-jointed, and 
theparapsidal sutures are distinct. The mandibles are small, two to three 
dentate, the maxillary palpi are three-jointed, and the labial palpi are 
represented by an elongate tubercle. The antenna' are inserted near 
the clypeus; the scape is long and slender. The front wings lack the 
postmarginal vein and the abdomen is broadly sessile. In the yellow 
species, when mounted in balsam, the curious internal structure which 
is called by Bugnion in his •• Developpement, etc., de VEucurtus fusci- 
eollis," the '-inesophragma'" (and which, from the fact that it seems to 
originate from the hinder portion of the mesoscutellum, is probably 
1 The host relations of Eunotus Averenot known until E. lividus Ashm. was found in 
a lot of parasites seut nie by Mr. W. G. Johnson, of the Illinois State Laboratory of 
Natural History on May 1, 1895. Mr. Johnson had reared this series from a Lecanium 
on plum, together with many specimens of Pachynewron altiscuta How. The Euno- 
tus is probably a primary and the Pachyneuron a secondary parasite of the Lecanium. 
This coccid parasitism would apparently strengthen the idea of the aphelinine 
affinity of Eunotus; but it must be remembered that Tomoccra californica How., 
a true Pirenine, is the most abundant parasite of Lecanium scales in California and 
Hawaii. 
