246 BUREAU OF PLANT QUARANTINE [Oct.-Dec. 
• 
other avenues of introduction was discussed at some length at a public hearing 
on the subject «»u September 15, 1033. From the information there presented 
or gathered from other sources it appears necessary to take immediate steps 
to protect this country from a disease which is known to have been already 
seriously damaging to elms in Europe. The quarantine here promulgated 
aims to secure such protection by means adequate for the purpose but involving 
as little interference with commerce as is thought to be consistent with safety. 
For the present it is considered that if elm burl logs for veneer purposes 
enter the country free from bark, so that the dangerous insect carriers referred 
to are eliminated, and if they are promptly subjected to heat treatment for 
which the usual lengthy hot-water steeping which such logs undergo in the 
veneer process may serve in part, their importation under restriction may be 
safely authorized. In regard to other materials derived from the wood of 
elm and its relatives, such as lumber, timber, various types of containers, and 
manufactured articles, it is considered that, if freedom from bark beetles 
is provided for by the requirement that these materials must be free from 
bark, the danger that the Dutch elm disease fungus, if present, would escape 
from them by other means is relatively slight. 
It is recognized that a definite host relationship with the fungus has been 
established for only a few genera of the family Ulmaceae, and that many of 
the genera included in this family are not indigenous to Europe. In the face 
of much uncertainty inclusion in the quarantine of all genera in this family 
seems to be the proper course pending more definite knowledge on the host 
range of the fungus. 
Avery S. Hoyt, 
Acting Chief. Bureau of Plant Quarantine. 
NOTICE OF QUARANTINE NO. 70, ON ACCOUNT OF THE DUTCH ELM DISEASE 
(Approved Oct. 21, 1933; effective Oct. 21, 1933) 
Having found that an injurious plant disease, known as the Dutch elm 
disease, due to the fungus Oraphium ulmi Schwarz, not heretofore widely 
prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States, exists in 
various countries of the continent of Europe, I, Henry A. Wallace, Secretary 
of Agriculture, pursuant to the provisions of the Plant Quarantine Act of 
August 20, 1912 (37 Stat. 315), as amended, have determined (1) that it is 
necessary to forbid the importation into the United States from the continent 
of Europe of certain plants and plant products hereinafter specified, in order 
to prevent the introduction into the United States of said disease, and (2) 
that the unrestricted importation from the said continent of Europe of certain 
other plants and plant products, hereinafter specified, may result in the 
introduction into the United States of the said injurious disease. 
Now, therefore, by virtue of the said Plant Quarantine Act, the public 
hearing required thereby having been duly held, notice is hereby given as 
follows : 
(1) The importation into the United States from the continent of Europe of 
the following articles is prohibited: (a) Seeds, leaves, plants, cuttings, and 
scions of elm or related plants; (&) logs, lumber, timber, or veneer of such 
plants if bark is present on them; (c) crates, boxes, barrels, packing cases, 
and other containers and other articles manufactured in whole or in part from 
the wood of elm or related plants, if the elm wood or wood of related plants is 
not free from bark. 
(2) The importation into the United States from the continent of Europe of 
elm logs from which the bark has been removed is prohibited except in 
accordance with the rules and regulations supplemental hereto. 
Exceptions to the above prohibitions may be authorized for entry under 
permit under such conditions and regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture 
may prescribe, or when the particular article or material has been or is to be 
so treated, prepared, or processed that in the judgment of the Secretary of 
Agriculture its unrestricted entry involves no risk of pest introduction. 
The expression "elm or related plants", as used herein, means plants of all 
species and genera of the family Ulmaceae, including the genera Ulmus, 
Ccltis, Zclkova, Ampelocera, Aphanatithe, BarJyeya, Chaetachnc, Chaetoptelva, 
