-53- 
Haterial used (pounds 
per 100 gallons unless 
otherwise stated) 
Worm infestation (number of vrorms per 100 apples) 
Material used alone 
Regular 
7-dav 
Material used with — 
Summer oil, 0.5 i Fish oil, 0, 
percent 
■percent 
Regular j 7-day J Regular 
{ schedule s,chedule°[ schedule j schedule ] scliedule 
Lead arsenate 3:100 
Ground derris root 1 
part, kaolin 3 parts 
containing 1 percent 
rotenone 10:100 
The same 5:100 
Lead arsenate 3:100 
in first brood; der- 
ris as above 10:100 
remainder of season 
41.6 
172.9 
165.: 
76.4 
81.3 
111.3 
1/ Beginning with second cover spray. 
2/ Nine cover sprays applied at approximately 10- to 12-day intervals, 
of Fourteen cover sprays applied at approximately 7-day intervals. 
The East Mailing Research Station, Kent, England ( 108 ), in 1936 re- 
ported the following results in control: Of the unsprayed apples 13.7 
percent were damaged; of those sprayed with derris containing 5,6 percent 
of crude rctenono at the rate of 2 pounds, per 100 imperial gallons plus 
5 pounds of soap, 11.4 percent were damaged; and of those sprayed with 
lead arsenate at the rate of 4 pounds per 100 imperial gallons plus 1 
pound of Lethalate wetting preparation, 2.8 percent were damaged. 
Farrar ( 118 ) in 1936, reporting on the effect of petroleum-oi,l sprays 
on insects and plants, stated that emulsions containing extracts of derris 
and pyrethrum were less toxic to codling moth larvae under field condi- 
tions than were the non impregnated emulsions. Exposure of derris or py- 
rethrum products to the action of sunlight and oxygen destroyed their 
activity toward insects, as is clearly demonstrated by laboratory tests. 
These same oil emulsions, when tested against codling moth larvae in the 
laboratory after a relatively short exposure to the air, consistently 
gave performance superior to nonimpregnated emulsions. The following 
were tested in admixture with "white oil stock emulsion 200:" Derris 
1/2, 1, and 2 pounds per gallon; cube extract; rotenone with and without 
i i netrolj Derrisol. 
Carman (151) in 1936 reported the following results of tests on 
apples in Connecticut: 
