-39- 
powder containing 2 percent of rotenone, end 15 species were found to be 
not sensitive. Derris or rotenone suspensions at a concentration of 1:5,000 
or 1:6,250 were effective in the control of "spintmijt" (a spider mite). 
At Utrecht Klarenbeek and others investigated the effect of derris on 
parasites of dogs, cats, and foxes and found that the prospects of using 
it successfully against mange mites appeared good. They advised that a 
^a-tery extract be made by boiling the derris ponder (2 percent rotenone) in 
300 parts of water for half an hour, then adding a little soan to promote 
contact with the skin. The derris powder, mixed rath 40 parts of French 
chalk, may be rubbed in and gives, satisfactory results. 
The United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology and 
Plant Quarantine ( 150 ) in 1938 gave the results of much work with rotenone 
products. Tests made against mites and other pests in the mushroom houses 
at Beltsville, Md., with a number of drenches, including free nicotine (40 
percent), nicotine sulfate (40 percent), alcoholic extract of pyrethrum (2 
percent total pyrethrins) , hellebore ponder, and derris— root uo^der, demon- 
strated that the drenches containing free nicotine or the alcoholic extract 
of pyrethrum geve the best results, as judged by yield. 
Moore et a.l. ( 106 ) in 1939 reported on the control of mites infesting 
apple trees in the State of "eshineton. Derris powder (3.6 nercent rotenone) 
was extracted for 15 minutes with kerosene (l lb. to 3 qt.) and this extract 
was added to the resrular cryolite spray used, to control the codling moth. 
The reduction of mites was 95.6 percent* 
Ticks in General 
Daniels (48) in 1905 reported that in British Malaya derris was known 
to be useful in destroying ticks on dogs. 
Probably the earliest published account of the use of cube as an 
insecticide occurs in an article by Klinge (87) published 1910 at Lima, Peru. 
A translation from the Spanish is as follows: 
At present I am studying ^nd testing out a liquid for the 
control of ticks on llamas, of rrhich I spoke in one of my recent 
letters. There is a plant here called "Cube" in the Quechuan 
dialect, i-'hich is used for catching fish in dammed-up streams by 
poisoning the ^ater rrith the root. From tests that I made * * * 
maceration produces an effective insecticide, -"'hich destroys the 
tick; but I do not know whether it will be toxic to the llejnas, 
if these animals should take it internally, as would be the case 
in a dip-oing process. I am making solutions by crushing and 
maceration in various proportions, in order to find one, if 
possible, which kills the tick and is not To;.isonous to the 
llamas Q^hen usecp in quantities larger than 1 liter, which is 
the maximum that can be taken during a dipping bath. 
