■107- 
Hibernating media 
: Average "bugs per 1/5 square foo 
: by counties 
: Pen ten: Tippecanoe: Clinton; Tipton 
All grasses 
Punch grasses, except timothy 
Timothy 
Punch- type sedges 
Mat -type sedges 
Pluegrass 
T 'olunteer wheat -• 
Woodland leaves and litter 
Woodland leaves and litter, plus 
small grass or sedge tufts 
Fall survey in corn, "bugs per stalk-- 
Number 
221 
288 
"0 
13 
Number 
131 
1U0 
15 
u 
2 
5 
10 
10 
Number 
55 
28 
76 
17 
U 
Numbe r 
21 
I 
10 
0.3 
These figures indicate infestation to be in the "abundant" range of 
15 or more bugs per square foot in all four counties, even in the less favor- 
able media. The above table gives at least a rough idea of the actual num- 
bers of bugs present in the different types of cover in this year of extreme 
abundance. Hcweve 1 ", proper evaluation of different media would require data 
for years and areas of greater scarcity. In a general way, the comparative 
abundance of bugs in the different ccunties is similarly indicated by the 
different media, but determination of the actual infestation level evidently 
requires different indices for different media. That is, abundant infes- 
tation may perhaps be indicated by 15 bugs per square foot in the favored 
bunch grasses, 8 per square foot in timothy, 3 P er square foot in bunchy 
sedges, 1 per square foot in woodland leaves, or from 10 to 15 per stalk in 
corn bpfore fall migration. The meaning of certain infestation levels in 
different hibernation media is doubtless also affected by the comparative 
abundance of the different types of cover in different areas. However, the 
numbers of bugs present in small samples of any medium are so variable that 
much more extensive sampling than was possible in these experiments would 
be necessary to determine these points conclusively. 
The time involved in taking and examining samples depends on several 
factors, such as condition of country and roads, type and abundance of hi- 
bernating media, number and size of samples, degree of infestation, and com- 
pleteness of count. One man with an automobile could probably average two 
counties or more per day in practical survey work, taking 9 samples ppr county 
and not stopping to make counts. Complete counts of all bugs in samples 
night require several days per county, but by discarding samples as soon as 
enough bugs were found to determine the infestation level the work could b* 
much shortened and under favorable conditions could be done at once in the 
field. Judging from these trials, a great many more than 9 l/ 5- square-foot 
or 1-squsTe-foot samples would have to be taken in order to obtain more than 
a rough idea of chinch bug abundance in a county, in fact many more samples 
than would be possible with the funds ordinarily available for such work. 
