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local infestation in the spring of 1935 . 
In the East Central States the fall surveys showed but little change 
from the conditions noted previously at harvest time. Only a few fields 
inspected showed any sign of immodiate or prospective serious damage, and 
growing conditions 'for small grains were in general favorable. 
In the West Central States drought had induced premature emergence from 
the summer puparia, the flies issuing immediately after the first effective 
rains, early in September. Ho volunteer wheat was yet above ground when the 
emergence began, therefore the flies deposited but few oggs. As this emer- 
gence occurred about 3 weeks in advance of the average planting date, the in- 
festation over a considerable portion of the territory was very light. Some 
fields in southeastern Kansas and southwestern Missouri showed relatively 
high infestation last fall. (P. il. Annand, Bureau of Entomology and Plant 
Quarantine, TJ. S. D. A.) 
EUROPEAN CQRH BORER 
The usual fall survey of the European corn borer was conducted by the 
Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. The marginal territory around 
the area known to be infested was also scouted during the past season. These 
activities were under the immediate supervision of A, M. Vance, of the Toledo, 
Ohio, laboratory. Tho results are as follows: Over the 1-generation area as a 
wh^le, there was a general decrease in infestation in 193^ from that of either 
1932 or 1933* In the 2-generation area, definite increases in populations in 
193^ over those of 1933 were evident only in southern Connecticut. The heavi- 
est infestation in the 1-generaticn area in 193^ occurred in the New York 
counties bordering Lake Ontario and in a limited area in Michigan and Ohio, 
extending a short distance southwestward from the western end cf Lake Erie. 
In Indiana the chief concentration of population continued to be in Steuben, 
Do Kalb, and Allen Counties, in the extreme northeastern corner of the Stato. 
In the 2-generation area the heaviest infestation remained in eastern Massa- 
chusetts, Rhode Island, southern Connecticut, and on the eastern half cf Long 
Island, N, Y. The general level cf infestation in 193^ tended to be consider- 
ably higher in tho 2-generation than in the 1-generation area. In the former, 
16.1 percent of tho fields surveyed in 193^" were uninfestcd and 26.7 percent 
had populations of from 1 to 25 borers per 100 plaits; in the 1-gencraticn area, 
28.5 percent of the fields surveyed this year were uninfestcd and 55 • 9 percent 
had papulations of from 1 to 25 borers per 100 plants. In the former area, 
21.2 percent of the fields were infested with more than 200 borers per ICO 
plants, while in the latter less than half of 1 percent of the fields were in- 
fested to the same degree. The general decrease of infestation in 193^ * n 
the Great Lakes region is attributed to subnormal moisture last year f which 
reached extreme drought in May, June, and July, when the temperatures were ab- 
normally high. Such excessive heat and drought ever an extended period of timo 
covering pupatitn of the borer in the spring, cviposition of the moths, and 
summer establishment of young larvae in corn, proved oxtrcmcly adverse to the 
propagation of the species in the 1 -.generation area. Drought, which also pre- 
vailed in certain parts of the 2-gencratiou area, limited the increase of the 
b»rer. 
